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Microbiology > Chapter2 > Flashcards

Chapter2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Which of the following statements regarding bacterial spore formation is not correct?

1-The thickest layer of the spore envelope is the “exosporium”
2-The “coat” layer makes the spore resistant against antibacterial agents.
3-In favorable nutritional conditions, spores can be activated to form vegetative cells. 4-Spores cannot be stained with Gram stain.
5-The core region found in the spore contains chromosomes.

A

1(cortex)

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2
Q

Which of the following statements regarding peptidoglycan layer is INCORRECT?

a. N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) are linked together by transglycosylation reaction.
b. The first amino acid of the tetrapeptide chains is D-glutamate.
c. In Gram-negative bacteria, two tetrapeptides are directly linked to each other.
d. If the peptidoglycan layer is degraded by EDTA-lysozyme. Gram-negative bacteria form spheroplasts in isotonic media.
e. Tetrapeptide chains attach to N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM).

A

b

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3
Q

Which of the following substances can freely diffuse through a biological membrane?

a. ATP
b. glucose
c. insulin
d. testosterone
e. Na+

A

e

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4
Q

Which one of the following is not correct about function of cell membrane?

1• Selective permeability and transport of solutes
2• Electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation
3• Excretion of hydrolytic exoenzymes
4• Functioning in cell wall synthesis only
5• Bearing the receptors of the chemotactic and other sensory transduction systems

A

4

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5
Q

…………Folded invaginations in the cytoplasmic membrane and Bind and pull apart daughter chromosomes during cell division.

a-core
b- lysosomes
c- capsule
d- mesosome

A

d

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6
Q

Which one is not one of the type of transport substance in cell membrane?

a.Passive transport
b.Active transport
c.non of this choice
d.Group translocation
e.Special transport process

A

c

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7
Q

Which one of passive transport it’s that?
“It’s rare in prokaryotes selective channels passage of specific molecules( glycerol)”

1-Simple diffusion
2-Faciliated diffusion
3-Channel proteins
4-Antiport
5-Uniport

A

3

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8
Q

Active transport:
Ion-coupled transport:

“single transport of a solute”

Uniport
Antiport
Symport

A

Uniport

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9
Q

Active transport:
Ion-coupled transport:

“transport of two similar solutes in opposite directions”

Uniport
Antiport
Symport

A

Antiport

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10
Q

Active transport:
Ion-coupled transport:

“cotransport of a solute and H+ in same
direction”

Uniport
Antiport
Symport

A

Symport

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11
Q

The function of Siderophores molecul is………

1-transport H2O into the cell
2-transport Fe into the cell
3-transport O into the cell
4-transport Fe out the cell

A

2

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12
Q

This component in ………… gram bacteria.

Peptidoglycan
Teichoic acid
Lipoteichoic acid

A

Positive

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13
Q

This component in ………… gram bacteria.

Peptidoglycan
Periplasmic space
Outer membrane
Proteins
Lipopolysaccharide

A

Negative

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14
Q

Which enzyme degrade the peptidoglycan?

Transglycosylase
Lysozyme
transpeptidase
carboxypeptidase

A

Lysozyme

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15
Q

If l use lysozyme in gram positive bacteria give me:

Protoplasts
Spheroplasts

A

Protoplasts

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16
Q

If l use EDTA-lysozyme in gram negative bacteria give me:

Protoplasts
Spheroplasts

A

Spheroplasts

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17
Q

Which reaction and enzyme in following reaction?

“NAM-NAG are linked together (b-1,4 glycosidic bond)”

1-Transglycosylation-Transglycosylase
2-Transpeptidation-Transpeptidase

A

1

18
Q

Which reaction and enzyme in following reaction?

“Peptide chains attach to N-acetylmuramic acid”

1-Transglycosylation-Transglycosylase
2-Transpeptidation-Transpeptidase

A

2

19
Q

The order of Pentapeptide:

1.D-Alanine (D-Ala)
2•L-Alanine (L-Ala)
3•D-Glutamate (D-Glu)
4•L-Lysine (L-Lys) / Diaminopimelic acid (DAP)
5•D-Alanine (D-Ala)

A

2-3-4-1-5
2-3-4-5-1

20
Q

In mature peptidoglycan, peptide chains are tetrapeptides, we was tow enzyme ……………to remove The terminal D-Alanine (D-Ala) from pentapeptide:

1-transpeptidase
2-Transglycosylase
3-Lysozyme
4-carboxypeptidase

A

1-4

21
Q

Transpeptidation in Gram…………bacteria:

Diaminopimelic acid
of one tetrapeptide and terminal D- alanine of second tetrapeptide are directly linked

A

Negative

22
Q

Transpeptidation in Most Gram………bacteria:

L-lysine of one tetrapeptide and D- alanine of second tetrapeptide are linked a directly by pentaglycine (Gly5) cross-bridge

A

Positive

23
Q

The outer membrane of cell wall contains:

Protein
Pili
Lipid
Lipopolysaccharide

A

Lipopolysaccharide

24
Q

It’s connects peptidoglycan with outer membrane:

lipopolysaccharide
Lipoprotein
porins

A

Lipoprotein

25
Q

Outer membrane Possess special channels passive diffusion of low-molecular-weight hydrophilic compounds (sugars, amino acids and ions):

porins
Protein channel
Lipoprotein

A

porins

26
Q

The order of Cell wall – Lipopolysaccharide:

O-antigen:Induces specific immunity (O- antigen)
Core: Same in all Gram-negative bacteria
Lipid A:Responsible for primary toxicity

A

✅

27
Q

-Protects bacteria against phagocytosis
-Plays a role in adherence (biofilm formation)
The function of ……………:

Pili
Flagella
Cell membrane
Capsule
Spore

A

Capsule

28
Q

Which one of the following is Highly antigenic (H antigens)?

Pili
Flagella
Cell membrane
Capsule
Spore

A

Flagella

29
Q

Which one is not Type of flagella:

Monotrichous
Amphitrichous
Lophotrichous
Peritrichous
Non of this choice

A

Non of this choice

30
Q

Basal body of which bacteria contain 2pair of ring ?
(L-P)(M-S)

A

Negative

31
Q

Basal body of which bacteria contain one pair of ring ?
(M-S)

A

Positive

32
Q

When the flagella rotation counterclockwise produces:

Run
Tumble

A

Run

33
Q

When the flagella rotation clockwise produces:

Run
Tumble

A

Tumble

34
Q

Which one of the following responsible for attachment in bacterial cell :

Pili
Cell wall
Flagella
Spore

A

Pili

35
Q

Order of the Parts of spores :

1•Cortex
2•Coat
3•Exosporium
4•Spore wall
5.core

A

5-4-1-2-3

36
Q

Which part of spores:

is the spore protoplast and Contains chromosome

Core
Spore wall
Cortex
Coat
Exosporium

A

Core

37
Q

Which part of spores:

Contains normal peptidoglycan

Core
Spore wall
Cortex
Coat
Exosporium

A

Spore wall

38
Q

Which part of spores:

The thickest layer of the spore envelope
Contains an unusual type of peptidoglycan

Core
Spore wall
Cortex
Coat
Exosporium

A

Cortex

39
Q

Which part of spores:

Composed of a keratin-like protein
resistance of spores against antibacterial chemical agents

Core
Spore wall
Cortex
Coat
Exosporium

A

Coat

40
Q

Which part of spores:

The outermost layer of spore envelope

Core
Spore wall
Cortex
Coat
Exosporium

A

Exosporium

41
Q

The order of gram staining?

A

CLAS

42
Q

Which of the following processes is described with the given characteristics of the transport process?
(1) moves with the concentration gradient,
(2) does not require energy.
(3) requires carrier molecules Select one:
a. Symport (cotransport)
b. Simple diffusion
C Antiport (countertransport)
d. Active transport
e. Facilitated diffusion

A

e

Microbiology (6 decks)

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