Chapter14 - Health and Aging

Question 1

Reason for Increase of Elder Population

Answer 1

• Decline in number of children born ( 4 kids-1950s and 1.5kids- now)
  -Decline in mortality rates
  -Increase longevity :: more healthcare jobs for youth and prominent illness and disabilities

Question 2

Ageism

Answer 2

Stereotypical or discrimination based on age
::unhealthy, fragile, no interest or capacity for sexual relations, physically unattractive, lack of range of abilities, unproductive

Question 3

Why are women considered old at a younger age than men?
How does the cosmetic industry take advantage?

Answer 3

• Gray hair, wrinkles, weight gain
  -Onset of menopause which speeds up the process of aging
  -stirring up the fear of aging - utilized by cosmetic industries to sell their antiaging products - instead of encouraging health

Question 4

Medicalization

Answer 4

the process whereby more and more areas of life come under the control of medical professionals
-elders use prescriptions more than younger ones

Question 5

Functional Disability

Answer 5

Lack of ability( long-term restriction) to perform activities of daily living because of a health problem

Question 6

Social Isolation

Answer 6

Draws attention to the quality and quantity of an individual’s social contacts (friends and family)

Question 7

Compression of morbidity hypothesis

Answer 7

in the future, delay the onset of chronic disability to the point where most people will be able to live relatively healthy lives until shortly before death, when they experience rapid deterioration

Question 8

Name the factors that influence the health of a person above the age 65

Answer 8

-Education
-Income
-Gender
-Indigenous status
-Mental health : men vs women
-Immigrants

Question 9

Healthy Immigrant effect

Answer 9

the tendency for recent immigrants to enjoy better health than do their Canadian-born counterparts. The effect dissipates over time

Question 10

Modified extended family

Answer 10

Characterized by mutual and close intergenerational ties, responsible behaviour on the part of adult children, and contact between generations.

Question 11

Hierarchy Stress Perspective

Answer 11

an approach to understanding health inequality that emphasizes the stress associated with occupying a lower position in the social hierarchy and its negative impact on health.

Question 12

Intersectionality hypothesis

Answer 12

holds that health inequities result from the intersection of different social locations.

Question 13

Multiple jeopardy hypothesis

Answer 13

holds that the effect of occupying multiple low statuses is cumulative.

Question 14

Self-care

Answer 14

the range of activities that individuals undertake to enhance health, prevent disease, and restore health. Individuals may engage in these activities on their own or in conjunction with health professionals.

Question 15

Profitization

Answer 15

turning institutions into profit-making organizations.

Question 16

Life expectancy

Answer 16

the number of years that the average person can expect to live.

Question 17

life course perspective

Answer 17

draws attention to the interplay between individual life course change and larger societal changes.

Question 18

age as leveller hypothesis

Answer 18

that aging renders everyone disadvantaged, regardless of their other statuses.

Question 19

Privatization

Answer 19

involves a shift in the production of goods and services from the public (government or state) sector to the private sector

Question 20

Health

Answer 20

state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity