Chapter12 Flashcards
Who is Oliver Hazard Perry
captured a British fleet in Lake Erie.
Thomas Macdonough
naval officer who forced the invading British army near Plattsburgh to retreat on September 11, 1814; he saved the upper New York from conquest.
Francis Scott Key
American prisoner aboard a British ship who watched the British fleet bombard Fort McHenry; wrote the “Star Spangled Banner.”
Washington burned in 1814.
Andrew Jackson
defended New Orleans victory at new Orleans battle became a national hero for defending new Orleans good at war , crushed southwest Indians at battle of horseshoe
Battle of New Orleans
Us fought for honor as much as material gain, unleashed a wave of nationalism and self confidence .
Hardly matter when word arrived that a peace treaty had been signed at Ghent Belgium ending war 2 weeks before battle by Jackson
Treaty of Ghent
Tsar Alexander I of Russia called the Americans and British to come to peace because he didn’t want his British ally to lose strength in the Americas and let Napoleon take over Europe. The Treaty of Ghent, signed on December 24, 1814 in Ghent, Belgium, was an armistice. John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay went to Ghent for the signing. Both sides stopped fighting and conquered territory was restored.
John Quincy adams 34
Son of John a, deplored late hour card playing of colleague Clay go to Ghent to sign treaty
Blue light federalists
Treacherous new englanders supposedly flashed lanterns on shore so that blockading Brit cruisers would be alert to attempt escape of American ships.
Hartford convention
Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island met in 1814 in Hartford, Connecticut for a secret meeting to discuss their disgust of the war and to redress their grievances. The Hartford Convention’s final report demanded:
Financial assistance from Washington to compensate for lost trade from embargos.
Constitutional amendments requiring a 2/3 vote in Congress before an embargo could be imposed, new states admitted, or war declared.
The abolition of slavery.
That a President could only serve 1 term.
The abolition of the 3/5 clause.
The prohibition of the election of 2 successive Presidents from the same state.
The Hartford resolutions marked the death of the Federalist party. The party nominated their last presidential candidate in 1816.
Long term effect on war of 1812
The War of 1812 showed other nations around the world that America would defend its beliefs. The most impressive by-product of the War of 1812 was heightened nationalism.
The army and navy were expanded and the Bank of the United States was revived by Congress in 1816.
Tariff of 1816
Congress instituted the 1st protective tariff, the Tariff of 1816, primarily for protection. British companies were trying to make American factories die off by selling their British goods for much less than the American factories. The tariff placed a 20-25% tax on the value of dutiable imports. Over time, the tax price continued to rise, creating problems of no competition between companies.
Henry Clay 58
Due to nationalism, he developed a plan for a profitable home market
The American System
3 major parts:
A strong banking system, to provide easy and abundant credit.
A protective tariff, behind which eastern manufacturing would flourish.
A network of roads and canals.
President Madison
He vetoed the bill to give states aid for infrastructure, deeming it unconstitutional. The Jeffersonian Democratic-Republicans were strongly opposed to building federally-funded roads because they felt that such outlets would further drain away population and create competing states beyond the mountains. No roads / canals funding
Erie Canal
Triumphantly completed by NY in 1825, individual state force venture ahead with construction programs of own
James Monroe
The Federalists ran a candidate for the presidential for the last time in 1816. James Monroe won the election.
The time during the administrations of President Monroe was known as the “Era of Good Feelings” because the 2 political parties were getting along.
Virginia Dynasty
Dynasty of Wahington, Jefferson and Maddison from Virginia voted by federalists from democratic republican beliefs supposedly favor south
Era of Good Feelings
Misnomer tranquil prosperity upon early years of Monroe but period was troublesome ; acute issue of tariff, bank, international improvements and sale of public lands contested and slavery
Wildcat Banks
Banks of the western frontier, hit hard by the Panic of 1819. the bank of US response to this p. made the nationalist bank a financial devil in the eyes of wildcat banks
Panic of 1819
was the first financial panic since President Washington took office. The main cause was the over-speculation in frontier lands.
The Bank of the United States became a financial devil to western farmers because it foreclosed (take over property/ deprive property when payment not paid)many farms.
Tallmadge Amendment
The House of Representatives slowed the plans of the Missourians of becoming a state by passing the Tallmadge Amendment. It called for no more slaves to be brought into Missouri and called for the gradual emancipation(control) of children born to slave parents already there. The amendment was later defeated by the slave states in Congress.
Peculiar Institution
Occurred in Missouri before the Missouri compromise was a tag of war between Missouri being a free soil state and a slave state, resolution set stage for the rest of the territory west of the Mississippi on the issue of slavery
Henry clay 63- Miss compromise
introduced the compromise that decided whether or not Missouri would be admitted as a slave state. Congress decided to admit Missouri as a slave state in 1820. But, Maine, which was apart of Massachusetts, was to be admitted as a separate, free state.there were 12 slave states and 12 free states.
Missouri compromise
The Missouri Compromise by Congress forbade slavery in the remaining territories in the Louisiana Territory north of the line of 36° 30’, except for Missouri.
James Monroe was elected again as President in 1820.
