Chapter1 Flashcards
Ceiling
سقف/پوشش /Roof
Cellar
زیر زمین/سرداب
Remote
دور افتاده /دور از دسترس/ همچنین(کنترل از راه دور)
Glamorous
دلربا/جذاب/attractive/elegant
Marble
سنگ مرمر
Spacious
بزرگ و جادار/extensive/huge
Staircase
راه پله
Stair and step =پله
Initially
در ابتدا/in the beginning/at first/firstly/
Estate
شهرک ،ملک، املاک
Temple
معبد /پرستشگاه
Airfield
فرودگاه
Permanent
همیشگی دائمی/پایا/ابدی
Three kinds of pollution
Noise pollution
Air pollution
Water pollution
Excessive
مضاعف/بیش از حد/فراوان/مفرط
Coastal
ساحلی
Coastal city
Southernmost
Easternmost
Westernmost
Northernmost
جنوبی ترین
شرقی ترین
غربی ترین
شمالی ترین
Outskirts
On the outer edge of the city not in the center
دور از مرکز شهر/حاشیه/حومه
Suburb
حاشیه شهر/حومه شهر
Hectic pace
The fast and chaotic rhythm
Strew(پاشیدن)
Strewn with
(Filled with)
Strewn with garbage
Litter
Rubbish/garbage/trash
Count on
expect it to happen and include it in your plans.
Narrow
باریک /تنگ
Cobblestone streets
خیابان های سنگ فرش
Quaint shop
Charming and old-fashioned shops
Cuisine
The typical food of a region
Open air markets
Outdoor markets
Street vendors
People selling selling things on the street
Contrast
اختلاف /تضاد
In contrast to(در تضاد با)
Virtually
تقریبا/almost
Inner-city areas
Older,central,crowded part of a city,usually filled with poor people and possibly violence
Diversity
Variety/تنوع
Cultural diversity
Pulsating nightlife
Having many exciting bars and clubs
Bureau
هیئت اداری، دفترخانه، اداره
Slum
محله فقیر نشین
Poverty
فقر
Destruction
Destroy /تخریب
Deterioration in sth
بدتر شدن چیزی
Deterioration:بدتر شدن/زوال/انحطاط
Bustling
With lots of movement
Filthy
Very dirty
Run-down
In a very bad condition
Conservation area
منطقه حفاظت شده
Quaint
خیلی ظریف /از روی مهارت
Date back to or dating back
برگشتن/بازگشتن
Upmarket
Very luxurious/اعیانی
Pricey
Expensive (in a negative sense )
Pavement
پیاده رو
Pedestrian
عابرپیاده
Avenue
خیابان/راه
Imposing
باشکوه /خیره کننده
Urban wasteland
A city area which is empty and in a bad condition
No-go areas
Where the police and other authorities are afraid to enter
Numerous
بیشمار/بسیار زیاد
Sprawling
Spread over a large area (slightly negative)
Exhausted fumes
The gas released from cars exhaust
Incessant roar
Incessant:بی پایان/پیوسته
Roar:غرش
Shantytown
Very poor houses made of discarded materials (tin٫cardboard,plastic)
Tin:قوطی حلبی
appealing
جالب، جذاب، خوشایند، روانشناسی: جذاب
rolling hills
Rolling hills are a series of low hills; rolling refers to the up - and - down motion of riding over them
rejuvenate
دوباره جوان کردن .جوانی را از سر گرفتن adj. {rejuvenating }
culinary
مربوط به آشپزخانه، آشپزخانه ای، پختنی culinary traditions
infrastructure
زیر ساخت، زیر سازی، زیربنا،
tertiary education
تحصیلات عالیه
unaffordable
costing so much that people do not have enough money to pay for it (نمیصرفه)
youngster
a child or young person
greenery
attractive green leaves and plants
recreational centers
مرکز سرگرمی و تفریح(entertainments)
enormous or numerous
بیشمار
بسیار، زیاد، بزرگ، پرجمعیت، کثیر
preoccupation /preoccupied (adj)
when someone thinks or worries about so mething a lot, with the result that they do not pay attention to other things مشغله ذهنی
housing
مسکن
cultivation
زراعت کردن
domestic
حیوانات اهلی
desirable
مطلوب، پسندیده
مرغوب، خواستنی، خوشایند
breeding
تولید مثل کردن
پروردن، بار آوردن، زاییدن، بدنیا آوردن،
manual labor
physical works (کار یدی)
off the bitten track
in a place where few people go, far from any main roads and towns:
night owl
opposite of early bird
deliriously happy
verry happy
embarked on
to begin (a journey) They embarked on their trip to America with high hopes. 2. : to begin (something that will take a long time or happen for a long time) She’s embarking on a new career
tomb
قبر /مقبره