Chapter1 Flashcards

1
Q

Ceiling

A

سقف/پوشش /Roof

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2
Q

Cellar

A

زیر زمین/سرداب

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3
Q

Remote

A

دور افتاده /دور از دسترس/ همچنین(کنترل از راه دور)

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4
Q

Glamorous

A

دلربا/جذاب/attractive/elegant

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5
Q

Marble

A

سنگ مرمر

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6
Q

Spacious

A

بزرگ و جادار/extensive/huge

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7
Q

Staircase

A

راه پله
Stair and step =پله

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8
Q

Initially

A

در ابتدا/in the beginning/at first/firstly/

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9
Q

Estate

A

شهرک ،ملک، املاک

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10
Q

Temple

A

معبد /پرستشگاه

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11
Q

Airfield

A

فرودگاه

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12
Q

Permanent

A

همیشگی دائمی/پایا/ابدی

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13
Q

Three kinds of pollution

A

Noise pollution
Air pollution
Water pollution

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14
Q

Excessive

A

مضاعف/بیش از حد/فراوان/مفرط

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15
Q

Coastal

A

ساحلی
Coastal city

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16
Q

Southernmost
Easternmost
Westernmost
Northernmost

A

جنوبی ترین
شرقی ترین
غربی ترین
شمالی ترین

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17
Q

Outskirts

A

On the outer edge of the city not in the center
دور از مرکز شهر/حاشیه/حومه

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18
Q

Suburb

A

حاشیه شهر/حومه شهر

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19
Q

Hectic pace

A

The fast and chaotic rhythm

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20
Q

Strew(پاشیدن)
Strewn with

A

(Filled with)
Strewn with garbage

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21
Q

Litter

A

Rubbish/garbage/trash

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22
Q

Count on

A

expect it to happen and include it in your plans.

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23
Q

Narrow

A

باریک /تنگ

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24
Q

Cobblestone streets

A

خیابان های سنگ فرش

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25
Q

Quaint shop

A

Charming and old-fashioned shops

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26
Q

Cuisine

A

The typical food of a region

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27
Q

Open air markets

A

Outdoor markets

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28
Q

Street vendors

A

People selling selling things on the street

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29
Q

Contrast

A

اختلاف /تضاد
In contrast to(در تضاد با)

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30
Q

Virtually

A

تقریبا/almost

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31
Q

Inner-city areas

A

Older,central,crowded part of a city,usually filled with poor people and possibly violence

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32
Q

Diversity

A

Variety/تنوع
Cultural diversity

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33
Q

Pulsating nightlife

A

Having many exciting bars and clubs

34
Q

Bureau

A

هیئت اداری، دفترخانه، اداره

35
Q

Slum

A

محله فقیر نشین

36
Q

Poverty

37
Q

Destruction

A

Destroy /تخریب

38
Q

Deterioration in sth

A

بدتر شدن چیزی
Deterioration:بدتر شدن/زوال/انحطاط

39
Q

Bustling

A

With lots of movement

40
Q

Filthy

A

Very dirty

41
Q

Run-down

A

In a very bad condition

42
Q

Conservation area

A

منطقه حفاظت شده

43
Q

Quaint

A

خیلی ظریف /از روی مهارت

44
Q

Date back to or dating back

A

برگشتن/بازگشتن

45
Q

Upmarket

A

Very luxurious/اعیانی

46
Q

Pricey

A

Expensive (in a negative sense )

47
Q

Pavement

A

پیاده رو

48
Q

Pedestrian

A

عابرپیاده

49
Q

Avenue

A

خیابان/راه

50
Q

Imposing

A

باشکوه /خیره کننده

51
Q

Urban wasteland

A

A city area which is empty and in a bad condition

52
Q

No-go areas

A

Where the police and other authorities are afraid to enter

53
Q

Numerous

A

بیشمار/بسیار زیاد

54
Q

Sprawling

A

Spread over a large area (slightly negative)

55
Q

Exhausted fumes

A

The gas released from cars exhaust

56
Q

Incessant roar

A

Incessant:بی پایان/پیوسته
Roar:غرش

57
Q

Shantytown

A

Very poor houses made of discarded materials (tin٫cardboard,plastic)
Tin:قوطی حلبی

58
Q

appealing

A

جالب، جذاب، خوشایند، روانشناسی: جذاب

59
Q

rolling hills

A

Rolling hills are a series of low hills; rolling refers to the up - and - down motion of riding over them

60
Q

rejuvenate

A

دوباره جوان کردن .جوانی را از سر گرفتن adj. {rejuvenating }

60
Q

culinary

A

مربوط به آشپزخانه، آشپزخانه ای، پختنی culinary traditions

60
Q

infrastructure

A

زیر ساخت، زیر سازی، زیربنا،

61
Q

tertiary education

A

تحصیلات عالیه

62
Q

unaffordable

A

costing so much that people do not have enough money to pay for it (نمیصرفه)

63
Q

youngster

A

a child or young person

64
Q

greenery

A

attractive green leaves and plants

65
Q

recreational centers

A

مرکز سرگرمی و تفریح(entertainments)

66
Q

enormous or numerous

A

بیشمار
بسیار، زیاد، بزرگ، پرجمعیت، کثیر

67
Q

preoccupation /preoccupied (adj)

A

when someone thinks or worries about so mething a lot, with the result that they do not pay attention to other things مشغله ذهنی

68
Q

housing

69
Q

cultivation

A

زراعت کردن

70
Q

domestic

A

حیوانات اهلی

71
Q

desirable

A

مطلوب، پسندیده
مرغوب، خواستنی، خوشایند

72
Q

breeding

A

تولید مثل کردن
پروردن، بار آوردن، زاییدن، بدنیا آوردن،

73
Q

manual labor

A

physical works (کار یدی)

74
Q

off the bitten track

A

in a place where few people go, far from any main roads and towns:

75
Q

night owl

A

opposite of early bird

76
Q

deliriously happy

A

verry happy

77
Q

embarked on

A

to begin (a journey) They embarked on their trip to America with high hopes. 2. : to begin (something that will take a long time or happen for a long time) She’s embarking on a new career

78
Q

tomb

A

قبر /مقبره