Chapter Two Test Flashcards
Motion, Speed, Acceleration, and Position
What is the location of an object relative to its origin?
position
What is speed that does not change called?
constant speed
What is the mathematical formula for speed?
S = D/T
What is the measure of how quickly an object goes from one place to another?
speed
Which directions are positive (four)?
up, right, north, east
Which directions are negative (four)?
down, left, south, west
What three types of speed can a + or - be used?
- position (coordinates)
- acceleration
- velocity
What is the rate at which velocity changes?
acceleration
What is the steepness of a line?
slope
What is the mathematical formula for slope?
vertical change (rise) divided by horizontal change (run)
How do you know if an object is in free fall?
if the object is accelerating due to the force of gravity and no other forces, such as air resistance, are acting upon it
What is the value of acceleration due to gravity on Earth?
9.8 m/s/s
What is constant acceleration?
an object’s speed changes by the same amount each second
How can you describe speed without air resistance?
increasing
Why can speed be described as increasing if there isn’t air resistance when falling?
an object has constant acceleration due to gravity - the closer it gets to the ground, the faster it goes
Why isn’t a skydiver with a parachute in free fall?
the parachute provides air resistance
Why isn’t a rocket in lift off in free fall?
the engine pushes the rocket off of the ground
Why is a flying baseball in free fall?
after being released from a person’s hand, the object has no force but gravity acting upon it
Why is a satellite in orbit accelerating?
the direction changes
acceleration is any change in speed or direction: the speed is constant but the orbit moves the satellite in a circle
What is the mathematical formula for time?
T = D/S
What is the mathematical formula for velocity?
V = D/T
What is the mathematical formula for distance?
D = S * T
What order do coordinates go in when using cardinal directions?
(x) (y)
east/west, north/south
What is the formula for average speed?
average speed = (all combined speeds) / (number of speeds listed)
How do you determine the fastest speed on a graph?
look for the steepest slope
Which axis is the responding variable always graphed on?
y-axis
Which axis is the manipulated variable always graphed on?
x-axis
Which variable is always graphed on the x-axis?
time
How do you determine positive acceleration on a graph?
a line that is going upward
How do you determine negative acceleration on a graph?
a line that is going downward
How do you determine that there is no acceleration on a graph?
a flat line
On a Position vs. Time graph, how do you calculate speed/velocity?
S = D/T
- find the origin
- find total distance
- find correlating speed
- divide distance by time
