Chapter two, First world war Flashcards

the impact

1
Q

how was the war going by the end

A

they were close to defeat and politically unstable

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2
Q

health was a problem because (2)

A
  • the embargo
  • flu epidemic

they worsened each other

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3
Q

who declared that the couldn’t win

A

General Ludendorf

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4
Q

How did the Kaiser attempt to please the enemies

A

giving power to the reichstag

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5
Q

why did they surrender

A

The navy mutinied in Kiel and it spread until Germany no longer had control of its armies

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6
Q

After the Kaiser leaves the country and abdicates, who takes over

A

The social Democratic party

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7
Q

why did they go bankrupt (4)

A
  • reparations
  • exhausted factories
  • money promised to allies
  • war pensions
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8
Q

why was there social changes (2)

A
  • women working in factories was seen as wrong
  • rich were getting richer and poor getting poorer
    this is because the rich earned of the production of weapons in factories and the poor had wage restrictions
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9
Q

why was there political instability (2)

A
  • mutinies and revolutions all over Germany

- the people who felr betrayed by the government for ending the war. this led to November criminals.

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10
Q

who was leader of the social Democratic party

A

freidrich ebart

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11
Q

what political party did the spartasists belong to

A

communism

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12
Q

when did the spartasist league invade Berlin

A

1919

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13
Q

how long did it take for the Freikorps to retake Berlin

A

three days of brutal street fighting that resulted in the murder of spartasist leaders

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14
Q

what were the Freikorps

A

ex soldiers who became the free corps

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15
Q

who won the elections

A

Friedrich Ebart (SPD) became the president

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16
Q

what was the Weimar constitution named after

A

the towm they made the rules in during the spartasist invasion

17
Q

what was in the weimar constitution

A

everyone had equal rights, including voting

18
Q

how was the war in the beginning

A

it was popular and patriots thought it’d end quickly

19
Q

how were soldiers on the front line

A

worn down by bombs, gas and machine gun fire

20
Q

what is article 48

A

laws could be passed by the president without going through reichstag

21
Q

key treaty terms (7)

A
  • Germany’s fault
  • £6.6 million in reparations
  • small army, no navy or airforce
  • hand over colonies
  • demilitarisation of the rhineland
  • no anschluss
  • new counties formed from germany
22
Q

reaction to the terms (4)

A
  • too harsh
  • humiliated due to loss of industrial land and money
  • Diktat
  • vulnerable
23
Q

how did they pay for the first installment of reparations

A

mostly gold and goods like coal

24
Q

could they pay the second installment

A

no

25
Q

who took the second installment by force and from where

A

france and belgium through the occupation of the ruhr in 1922

26
Q

how did Germany react to the occupation of the ruhr

A

passive resistance through paid strikes

27
Q

consequences of the passive resistance

A

they had to print more money to pay the workers which send the country into hyperinflation

28
Q

what is hyperinflation

A

more money means it loses value and prices go higher

29
Q

negatives of hyperinflation (3)

A
  • savings were permanently lost
  • pensions no longer covered living
  • small businesses collapsed
30
Q

positives of hyperinflation

A

people paid off their debts

31
Q

impact of economic problems (3)

A
  • people blamed the government
  • german money was useless by 1923
  • people turned to extreme parties