Chapter Two

Question 1

Which pair of variable defines motion

Answer 1

change of position and passage of time

Question 2

Which two fundamental properties are used to describe motion

Answer 2

length and time

Question 3

What is a difference between an object’s speed and velocity

Answer 3

Velocity includes the direction of travel and speed does not

Question 4

What feature of motion is described by acceleration

Answer 4

The rate at which velocity changes

Question 5

Which of the following statements correctly states Newton’s first law of motion

Answer 5

Every object retains its state of rest or its state of uniform straight-line motion unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

Question 6

The term inertia means which of the following? The tendency of an object to

Answer 6

remain in rest or motion

Question 7

If the forces on an object are balanced, the object will

Answer 7

remain at rest if initially at rest or continue moving in a straight line if initially moving in a straight line

Question 8

According to Newton’s second law of motion, acceleration is proportional to force. That means a larger force

Answer 8

produces a larger acceleration

Question 9

In Newton’s second law of motion, what is the relationship between acceleration and mass? Acceleration

Answer 9

is inversely proportional to mass

Question 10

Which of the following statements are true of both weight and mass

Answer 10

Weight is a force, mass is a measure of inertia

Question 11

What is the unit of weight in the metric system

Answer 11

newton

Question 12

According to Newton’s second law of motion, what causes a change in the motion of an object? A (An)

Answer 12

net force

Question 13

A person walking on a level surface moves forward because the forces of

Answer 13

the ground pushing forward on his feet

Question 14

Which statement correctly characterizes momentum, as understood in the physical sciences

Answer 14

An object with a large momentum has a large velocity

Question 15

What are the metric units for momentum

Answer 15

kg · m/s

Question 16

The conservation of momentum is correctly expressed by which of the following statements? The total momentum of interacting objects

Answer 16

remains the same if there are no external forces

Question 17

If an astronaut, freely floating in space, tries to throw away a spent fuel container that has the same mass as the astronaut himself, what will happen to the astronaut

Answer 17

The astronaut moves away in an opposite direction just as fast as the container moves

Question 18

In order for an object to move in a circular path at a constant speed, which set of conditions must be satisfied

Answer 18

A force must be applied continuously at right angles to the object’s motion to produce a circular path

Question 19

According to Newton’s law of gravity, force between two objects depends on the objects’ masses and separation according to which correct statement? The force is directly proportional to the

Answer 19

product of the masses and inversely proportional to the distance of separation squared

Question 20

What happens to the gravitational force between two objects if their separation is doubled? The force of attraction is

Answer 20

one fourth as much

Question 21

How does the force of gravity on an astronaut orbiting in the space shuttle compare with the force of gravity on the same astronaut when she is standing on Earth’s surface

Answer 21

The force of gravity is less in the space shuttle

Question 22

How does an astronaut’s mass while orbiting in the space shuttle compare with his mass while standing on Earth’s surface

Answer 22

The mass is the same in both places

Question 23

The force of gravity on the Moon is 1/6 as large as on Earth. How does free-fall acceleration on the Moon compare with free-fall acceleration on Earth? Free-fall acceleration will be

Answer 23

1/6 as large on the Moon

Question 24

Which of the following correctly states Newton’s third law of motion? Forces occur in matched pairs that are

Answer 24

equal in magnitude and opposite in direction

Question 25

Ignoring air resistance, an object falling toward the surface of the earth has a velocity that is

Answer 25

increasing

Question 26

Ignoring air resistance, an object falling toward the surface of the earth has an acceleration that is

Answer 26

constant

Question 27

A ball rolling across the floor slows to a stop because

Answer 27

there are unbalanced forces acting on it

Question 28

A heavy object and a light object are dropped from rest at the same time in a vacuum. The heavier object will reach the ground

Answer 28

at the same time as the lighter object

Question 29

An object’s ____ determines the extent of resistance to a change of motion

Answer 29

mass

Question 30

With all other factors equal, if you double the unbalanced force on an object of a given mass the acceleration will be

Answer 30

doubled

Question 31

With all other factors equal, if you double the mass of an object while a constant unbalanced force is applied, the acceleration will be

Answer 31

one-half as much

Question 32

Doubling the distance between an orbiting satellite and the earth will result in what change in the gravitational attraction between the two

Answer 32

one-fourth as much

Question 33

If a ball swinging in a circle on a string is moved twice as fast the force on the string will be

Answer 33

four times as great

Question 34

A change in the state of motion is evidence of

Answer 34

an applied force that is unbalanced