Chapter Three Flashcards
Source
the originator of a message
Destination
the device that is the intended recipient of the message
Channel
a communication path over a medium used to transport information from a sender to a receiver. Multiple channels can be multiplexed over a single cable
Encoding
a process by which bits are represented on a medium
Decoding
to convert from one form to another
Encapsulation
the process by which a device adds networking headers and trailers to data from an application for the eventual transmission of the data onto a transmission medium
De-encapsulation
see decapsulation; a process by which an end device, after it receives data over some transmission medium, examines the headers and trailers at each successively higher layer and eventually hands the data to the correct application. Sometimes called de-encapsulation
Flow Control
the management of data flow between devices in a network. It is used to prevent too much data from arriving before a device can handle it, causing data overflow
Response Timeout
the amount of time a service waits on a response before taking some action. A protocol defines how long a service waits and what action is taken if a response timeout occurs.
Access Method
a set of rules used by LAN hardware to direct traffic on the network. It determines which host or device uses the LAN next
Protocol
a written specification that defines what tasks a service or device should perform. Each protocol defines messages, often in the form of headers, plus the rules and processes by which the messages are used to achieve some state purpose
Unicast
a type of message sent to a single network destination
Broadcast
a form of transmission in which one device transmits to all devices within the network or on another network
Multicast
a message sent to selected hosts that are part of a group. A single packet is copied by the network and sent to a specific subset of network addresses. These addresses are specified in the destination address field
Protocol Suite
a delineation of networking protocols and standards into different categories, called layers, along with definitions of which sets of standards and protocols need to be implements to create products that can be used to create a working network