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Chapter Test Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Who was called the father of chemistry?

A

Antoine Lavoisier

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2
Q

The most significant role for nitrogen in the atmosphere is to _______.

A

Dilute oxygen to the appropriate level

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3
Q

The most abundant gas in the homosphere is _______.

A

Nitrogen

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4
Q

The largest carbon reservoir in the carbon cycle is found in the ______.

A

Atmosphere

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5
Q

What helps to convert atmospheric nitrogen to a usable organic form?

A

Lightening

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6
Q

The gas called ozone is composed of ______.

A

Oxygen atoms

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7
Q

Nearly every year, a thin spot in the ozone layer develops over_______.

A

Antarctica

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8
Q

Which atmospheric layer directly affects radio communications on Earth.

A

Ionosphere

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9
Q

Which layer would most effectively protect the earth from a solar flare?

A

Magnetosphere

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10
Q

Which weather condition will result in the earth’s surface absorbing the most heat from the sun?

A

Clear and cold with low humidity

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11
Q

What is an example of conduction?

A

The earth’s surface warming the air above

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12
Q

The density currents that cause a mixing of the air are an example of?

A

Convection

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13
Q

The most concentrated form of solar energy at the earth’s surface occurs when ______?

A

The rays come from straight overhead

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14
Q

Excessive exposure to UV rays can cause what?

A

Eye damage, skin cancer and sunburn

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15
Q

Many creationists believe that the atmosphere is part of the _______, which God created between the waters below and the waters above.

A

Firmament

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16
Q

Joseph Priestly, Karl Scheele and Antonie Lavoisier are credited with the discovery of ________.

A

Oxygen

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17
Q

Aircraft that travel long distances fly in the _______ to avoid storms and benefit from the jet streams.

A

Stratosphere

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18
Q

The coldest temperatures of the atmosphere are found at the top of the _________.

A

Mesosphere

19
Q

The ________ is a region extending thousands of kilometers into space that include the Van Allen belts.

A

Magnetosphere

20
Q

An example of greenhouse gas is _________.

A

Carbon dioxide and water

21
Q

The envelope of gases surrounding the earth

A

Atmosphere

22
Q

The steady temperature change associated with altitude change

A

Lapse rate

23
Q

Fast winds that travel in paths in the stratosphere

A

Jet stream

24
Q

Rate of solar energy flow that reaches the earth

A

Solar constant

25
Q

Indirect warming of the atmosphere

A

Greenhouse effect

26
Q

What is the name of the mixture of gases that extends up to 80 km?

A

Homosphere

27
Q

Which temperature layers are included in the homosphere?

A

Troposphere, stratosphere and mesosphere

28
Q

In which temperature layer do most people live?

A

Troposphere

29
Q

Name the gases that make up the heterosphere.

A

Molecular nitrogen, atomic oxygen, helium and molecular hydrogen

30
Q

What gases make up the exosphere?

A

Atomic oxygen, helium and molecular hydrogen

31
Q

Which is the hottest temperature layer?

A

Thermosphere

32
Q

Which is the coldest temperature layer?

A

Mesosphere

33
Q

If the ozone layer extends from 20 km to 50 km above the earth’s surface in which temperature layer does it fall?

A

The stratosphere

34
Q

The ionosphere extends upward from 75 km to a height of about 500 km. Which two temperature layers are not contained within the ionosphere?

A

Troposphere and stratosphere

35
Q

True or false:

Old earth scientists believe that the early earth had no free oxygen in its atmosphere.

A

True

36
Q

True or false:

The atmosphere is not clearly mentioned in the Genesis creation account.

A

True

37
Q

True or false:

The percentages of gases in the homosphere remain relatively constant.

A

True

38
Q

True or false:

Since warm air rises, the troposphere is the coldest layer of the atmosphere.

A

False

39
Q

True or false:

The troposphere is the only atmospheric layer to have winds

A

False

40
Q

True or false:

Ammonia is a compound that contains nitrogen

A

True

41
Q

Auroras occur when charged particles escape from the ionosphere into the magnetosphere

A

False

42
Q

Most of the sun’s energy makes it to the earth’s surface

A

False

43
Q

Infrared rays are a form of thermal radiation

A

True

44
Q

The atmosphere was formed by _______?

A

A direct act of God during creation week.

Science (12 decks)

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