Chapter Test

Question 1

Israel

Answer 1

• the Seljuk Turks defeated the Arabs in the 10th century and ruled Southwest Asia (ottomans followed)
• Palestinians left without a homeland after Arab-Israeli War of ‘48
• Arabs and Jews claimed Palestine as their homeland
• The Balfour Declaration showed Britain’s support for a Jewish national home in Palestine
• 1947 Britain turned Palestine over to the UN
• declared independent country in 1948
• Potash is extracted in the Dead Sea
• Uses irrigation to transform the dessert
• Sephardic Jews immigrated to Israel in 48 - generally poor
• ‘90 gave back land to the Arabs
• 80% Jews - 20% arabs
• Gap between Shephardic and Ashkenzi has closed
• Druzes can serve in military
• ## Drained the swamps

Question 2

Jordan

Answer 2

• Jordan’s economy was devastated after the war in ‘67
• given independance in ‘46
• up to 1/2 population is palestineans

Question 3

Lebanon

Answer 3

• capital: Beirut - tourism, banking, trade, the Paris of the Middle East
• PLO
• Maronite Christians
• religious freedom
• Israel invaded to oust PLO
• Civil war resulted in anarchy

Question 4

Syria

Answer 4

• Relies on rain
• Aleppo and Damascus
• intersection of 3 countries
• Government pays farmers to buy modern machinery
• Less water from Turkey’s dams

Question 5

Iraq

Answer 5

• Invaded Kuwait for oil
• sunnies
• capital: Baghdad
• Saddam Hussein
• Removed Hussein from power because of 9/11
• Attack Iran in retaliation for Khomeini’s to provoke Shiites

Question 6

Saudi Arabia

Answer 6

• Rich off oil
• desalination and infrastructure
• wants to rely on themselves
• Islam in life, not law
• women are respected but given few opprotunities
• Mecca and Medina
• Hajj

Question 7

Oman

Answer 7

• Falaj system
• farming and herding

Question 8

Yemen

Answer 8

• brought together in ‘90
• farming and herding
• very poor
• first on peninsula to let women vote

Question 9

Turkey

Answer 9

• Mustafa Kemal is the father of the Turks
• Kemal westernized
• Kurds
• Religious freedom
• Ottoman Empire remains

Question 10

Iran

Answer 10

• Shah and Ayatollah
• Chadors
• 2005 election kept going back on westernization
• Shiite

Question 11

Cyprus

Answer 11

• 4/5 speak Greek (Catholic orthodox)
• 1/5 Turks (Islamic)
• Civil war