Chapter Six-Management of Staff in Small Business

Question 1

Human resource management

Answer 1

Human resource management is defined as the effective management of the formal relationship between the employers and employees, and involves the recruitment, selection, training, development, appraisal and dismissal of staff

Question 2

Employment cycle

Answer 2

The employment cycle covers all all stages in the process of employing staff, from initial planing through recruitment, selection, induction, performance management, and eventual termination of employment

Question 3

Staff planning

Answer 3

Staff planing is the development of strategies to meet the business’s future human resource needs

Question 4

Job analysis

Answer 4

Job analysis is a systematic study of each employee’s duties, tasks and work environment

Question 5

Job description

Answer 5

A job description is a written statement describing the employee’s duties, tasks and responsibilities associated with the job

Question 6

Job specification

Answer 6

A job specification is a list of the key qualifications needed to perform a particular job in terms of education, skills and experience

Question 7

Recruitment

Answer 7

Recruitment is the process of attracting qualified job applicants – by using advertisements, websites,employment agencies and word of mouth – from which to select the most appropriate person for a specific job

Question 8

Internal recruitment

Answer 8

Internal recruitment involves filling job vacancies with present employees, rather than looking outside the business

Question 9

External recruitment

Answer 9

External recruitment involves filling job vacancies with people outside the business

Question 10

Employee selection

Answer 10

Employee selection involves gathering information about each applicant for a position, then using that information to choose the most appropriate applicant

Question 11

Curriculum vitae (résumé)

Answer 11

A curriculum vitae or résumé is a summery of a person’s previous employment experience

Question 12

Structured interview

Answer 12

In a structured interview, the interviewer asks a series of prepared questions based on the job specifications

Question 13

Unstructured interview

Answer 13

In an unstructured interview, the interviewer does not have a set of prepared questions and the interviewee does most of the talking

Question 14

Permanent employees

Answer 14

Permanent employees have an employment contract of indefinite duration

Question 15

Fixed-term employees

Answer 15

Fixed-term employees are employed on a contract for a specific period

Question 16

Casual employees

Answer 16

Casual employees have contracts with employers for short-term, irregular or seasonal work

Question 17

Superannuation

Answer 17

Superannuation is a system by which contributions are made to a fund which will provide benefits to an employee after retirement

Question 18

Legislation

Answer 18

Legislation is a law made by parliament

Question 19

Unlawful termination

Answer 19

Unlawful termination occurs when an employee is dismissed for discriminatory reasons

Question 20

Nepotism

Answer 20

Nepotism occurs when a family member is favoured for a position

Question 21

Affirmative action

Answer 21

Affirmative action refers to measures taken to eliminate discrimination and to implement positive steps to overcome current and historical lack of equal opportunity