Chapter Seven: Person-Centered Therapy

Question 1

Emotion-focused therapy (EFT)

Answer 1

a person-centered approach informed by understanding the role of emotion in human functioning and psychotherapeutic change

Question 2

actualizing tendency

Answer 2

a directional process of striving toward realization, fulfillment, autonomy, and self-determination

Question 3

therapeutic core conditions

Answer 3

1. Two persons are in psychological contact
2. The first person (client) is in a state of incongruence, being vulnerable or anxious
3. The second person (therapist) is congruent (real or genuine) in the relationship, and this congruence is perceived by the client.
4. The therapist experiences unconditional positive regard for the client
5. The therapist experiences an empathic understanding of the client’s internal frame of reference and endeavors to communicate this experience to the client
6. The communication to the client of the therapist’s empathic understanding and unconditional positive regard is to a minimal degree achieved

Question 4

Congruence

Answer 4

therapists are real; they are genuine, integrated, and authentic during the therapy hour

Question 5

Unconditional positive regard

Answer 5

deep and genuine caring for the client as a person; best achieved through empathic identification with the client

Question 6

Empathy

Answer 6

a deep and subjective understanding of the client with the client

Question 7

Accurate empathic understanding

Answer 7

the therapist will sense clients’ feelings as if they were his or her own without becoming lost in those feelings

Question 8

presence

Answer 8

being completely attentive to and immersed in the client as well as in the client’s expressed concerns

Question 9

immediacy

Answer 9

addressing what is going on between the client and therapist (in the moment); highly valued in PC approach

Question 10

Expressive Arts Therapy

Answer 10

extends the PC approach to spontaneous creative expression, which symbolizes deep and sometimes inaccessible feelings and emotional states; creates by Natalie Rogers, Carl Rogers’ daughter

Question 11

Motivational Interviewing (MI)

Answer 11

humanistic, client-centered, psychosocial, and modestly directive counseling approach developed by William R. Miller and Stephen Rollnick in the early 1980s

Question 12

Most important aspect of PC approach

Answer 12

the client’s perception of what is happening