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Intro to Criminal Justice > Chapter One - What is Criminal Justice? > Flashcards

Chapter One - What is Criminal Justice? Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of a crime?

A

An act prohibited or an omission required by law

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2
Q

What are the different types of justice?

A

Distributive justice, environmental justice, organizational justice, social justice, civil justice, and more

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3
Q

What is a negative right?

A

The right not to be interfered with, or not to be stopped from pursuing the things you need

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4
Q

What is a positive right?

A

The entitlement to help if you can’t obtain something yourself

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5
Q

Justice as Equality

A

The belief that everyone should get the same kind and amount of stuff no matter what

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6
Q

Need-based Justice

A

Everyone shouldn’t get the same, because our needs aren’t the same

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7
Q

Merit-based Justice

A

Justice actually means giving unequally, based on what each person deserves

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8
Q

Civil justice

A

Deals with relationships between citizens, government agencies and private business concerns with issues relating to contracts, hiring, equality of treatment, divorce, child custody, etc.

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9
Q

Criminal justice

A

Deals with violations of the criminal law

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10
Q

How are civil cases dealt?

A

monetary punishment

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11
Q

How are criminal cases dealt with?

A

Incarceration or even capital punishment

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12
Q

What is the main purpose of the Bill of Rights?

A

To protect citizens from excessive government power

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13
Q

Amendment One

A

right to freedoms of religion and speech; right to assemble and to petition the government for redress of grievances

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14
Q

Amendment Two

A

right to keep and bear arms to maintain a well-regulated militia

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15
Q

Amendment Three

A

right not to house soldiers during time of war

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16
Q

Amendment Four

A

right to be secure from unreasonable search and seizure

17
Q

Amendment Five

A

rights in criminal cases, including due process and indictment by grand jury for capital crimes, as well as the right not to testify against oneself

18
Q

Amendment Six

A

right to a speedy trial by an impartial jury

19
Q

Amendment Seven

A

right to a jury trial in civil cases

20
Q

Amendment Eight

A

right not to face excessive bail or fines, or cruel and unusual punishment

21
Q

Amendment Nine

A

rights retained by the people, even if hey are not specifically enumerated by the Constitution

22
Q

Amendment Ten

A

States’ rights to powers not specifically delegated to the federal government

23
Q

Which of the Ten Amendments are the most important in the field of criminal justice?

A

4th, 5th, 6th, and 8th Amendments

24
Q

What is due process?

A

the legal requirement that a government must respect all of a person’s legal rights before taking from them ‘life, liberty, or property’

25
Q

What is the first step in the criminal justice process?

A

First/initial contact

26
Q

What is the second step in the criminal justice process?

A

Investigation

27
Q

What is probable cause?

A

facts and circumstances that would lead a reasonable person to believe a crime has been or is about to be committed

28
Q

What is an exclusionary rule?

A

items or people searched and/or seized in violation of the 4th amendment are to be excluded/inadmissible as evidence at trial.

29
Q

What is the third step in the criminal justice process?

A

Arrest

30
Q

What is the fourth step in the criminal justice process?

A

Booking procedures

31
Q

What happens during the booking procedure?

A

The arrestee is fingerprinted, photographed, and detailed information such as name, address, date of birth, height, weight, etc. are recorded - a list of current charges are also recorded as well as basic arrest information such as date, time, location, etc.

32
Q

What is the fifth step in the criminal justice process?

A

pre-trial activities

Intro to Criminal Justice (1 decks)

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