Chapter One Timeline Flashcards
1
Q
1721
A
Over procurator of the holy synod post created
2
Q
1853-6
A
Crimean war
3
Q
1854
A
- Russian defeats in the Crimean war, balaclava (oct) inkerman (nov)
4
Q
1855
A
- Alex II came to power
- Russian economy mostly rural
- lack of economic productivity
5
Q
1856
A
Treaty of Paris (humiliating)
6
Q
1858-70
A
Censorship reforms
7
Q
1861
A
- emancipation of 51 million serfs
- Milyutin as minister for war until 1881
8
Q
1862
A
- Golovnin (minister for education until 1867)
- series of fires in st Petersburg, ‘young Russia’ thought to be responsible
9
Q
1862-78
A
- Von Reutern as minister of finance
10
Q
1863
A
- volosts ran their own courts
- polish rebellion broke out + Alex II reacted swiftly and strongly
- ‘the organisation’ set up by Moscow uni students
11
Q
1863-4
A
- education reforms
12
Q
1864
A
- judiciary reforms
13
Q
1864-70
A
Local gov reforms
14
Q
1865
A
- tsars son + heir died
- wife became ill
15
Q
1866
A
- state owned serfs received their freedom
- gov reasserted control over education
- assassination attempt on Alex II
- tsar advised to replace more liberal ministers with conservatives
16
Q
1868-9
A
- the ‘Tchaikovsky circle’ set up
17
Q
1870’s
A
- retightening of gov control over censorship
18
Q
1870
A
- elected town councils (Dumas) set up
19
Q
1872
A
- Tchaikovsky circle organised workers + sent them to countryside
20
Q
1874-5
A
Military reforms
21
Q
1874
A
Lavrov encouraged young men/women to countryside (populism movement)
22
Q
1877
A
Land and liberty set up (continued populist traditions)
23
Q
1879
A
New governor generals established - could prosecute in military courts and exile
24
Q
1879-80
A
Famine broke out + industrial recession begun
25
1880
Loris melikov constitution proposed - suggested elected representatives of nobility zemstvo etc
26
13th march 1881
- Alex II accepted loris melikov constitution but was assassinated same day
27
April 1881
Anti Jewish pogroms broke out (and continued until 1884)
28
May 1881
- reduction in the redemption fees payable
29
1881
- Alex III’s ‘manifesto of unshakeable autocracy’
- phleve led department of police until 1884 (okhrana)
30
1882-94
- anti Jewish legislation
31
1882
- statute on police surveillance
- Tolstoy established gov committee which issued ‘temporary regulations’ (censorship)
32
1882-90
- series of reforms: reduction in working hours, child labour etc
33
1883
- Further laws limited the use of the Ukrainian language
- members of non orthodox churches were banned from building places of worship etc
- plekhanov established the ‘emancipation of labour group’ to smuggle Marxist texts
34
1884
- Durnovo took over leading department of police
35
1885
Polish national bank closed
36
June 1888
- department of police eliminated disturbances in 61/92 of Russias provinces
37
1887
- vyshnegradsky as finance minister + raised tariffs
38
1889
- Volost courts put under direct jurisdiction of land captains in the countryside
39
July 1889
- office of the noble land captain created
40
1890
- zemstva placed under central gov control
41
1891-2
- famine which left zemstva responsible for the relief work
42
1892
- the Finland diet (parliament) was reorganised to weaken political influence
- Alex III’s brother made a governor general + forced 20,000 Jews out of a city
- Vyshnegradsky dismissed (mainly due to famine) + witte took over
43
1897
- only 21% of the population literate
