Chapter One: The Study Of Human Development Flashcards
Life-span Development
A life long process.
Physical Development
Growth of the physical body, no feelings or social skills.
Cognitive Development
Everything involving the brain except for emotions and social skills.
Psychosocial Development
Emotions, personality, and social skills.
Social Construction
Concept or practice that may appear natural and obvious to those who accept it, but in reality is an invention of a particular culture or society.
Prenatal Period
Conception to birth
Infancy and Toddlerhood
Birth to age 3.
Early Childhood
Ages 3 to 6.
Middle Childhood
Ages 6 to 11.
Adolescence
Ages 11 to 20.
Emerging and Young Adulthood
Ages 20 to 40.
Middle Adulthood
Ages 40 to 65.
Late Adulthood
Age 65+
Individual Differences
Characteristics, influences, and developmental outcomes.
Heredity
Inborn traits or characteristics inherited from biological parents.
Maturation
The unfolding of a natural sequence of physical changes and behavior patterns.
Nuclear Family
Household unit consisted of one or two parents and their children.
Extended Family
Multigenerational network of grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins, etc.
Socioeconomic Status
Based on family income and the educational and occupational levels of the adults in the household.
Risk Factors
Conditions that increase the likelihood of a negative outcome.
Ethnic Group
People united by a distinct culture, ancestry, religion, language, or national origin, which contribute to shared attitudes, beliefs, and values.
Ethnic Gloss
An overgeneralization that obscures or blurs.
Normative Influences
Biological and environmental events that affect many people in a society in similar ways and events that touch only certain individuals.
Historical Generation
A group of people who experience the event at a formative time in their lives.
Cohort
A group of people born at about the same time.
Nonnormative
Unusual events that have a major impact on individual lives because they disturb the expected sequence of the life cycle.
Imprinting
Instinctive form of learning in which a young animal forms an attachment to the first moving object it sees, usually the mother.
Critical Period
Specific time when a given event, or its absence, has a specific impact on development.
Plasticity
Modifiability of performance.
Sensitive Periods
When a developing person is especially responsive to certain kinds of experiences.
Human Development
Focuses on the scientific study of the systematic process of change and stability in people.
