Chapter ONE. The Human Body

Question 1

What is Anatomy

Answer 1

Study of the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another

Question 2

Macroscopic Anatomy

Answer 2

Gross anatomy. Large, easily observed

Question 3

Microscopic Anatomy

Answer 3

Need a microscope to observe

Question 4

Physiology

Answer 4

Study of how the body parts work or function

Question 5

Structural Organization

Answer 5

• Chemical
• Cellular
• Tissue
• Organ
• System
• Organism

Question 6

Chemical

Answer 6

It is the simplest.
Atoms join to form molecules

Question 7

Cellular

Answer 7

Molecules interact to form cells (lowest level at which life exists)

Question 8

Tissue

Answer 8

Groups of similar cells with a common function

Question 9

Organ

Answer 9

Several organs form a system with a specific function

Question 10

System

Answer 10

Several organs form a system with a common function

Question 11

Organism

Answer 11

Sum total of all structural levels that together promote life of the whole organism

Question 12

Survival needs (5 things)

Answer 12

• Nutrients
• Oxygen
• Water
• Normal body temperature
• Normal atmospheric pressure

Question 13

Homeostasis

Answer 13

The ability to maintain a relative stable internal environment in the presence of a changing external environment

Question 14

Feedback system (what does it involve: 2 systems)

Answer 14

• Nervous system
• Endocrine system

Question 15

What is the three basis components of a Feedback System

Answer 15

• Receptor
• Control Centre
• Effector

Question 16

Receptor

Answer 16

A sensor that monitors changes in the environment

Question 17

Control Centre

Answer 17

Analyzes the input from the receptor and determines the appropriate response (finds out what proteins are reacting to and finds the best solution to fix the problem)

Question 18

Effector

Answer 18

Relays and administers the response (starts the response)

Question 19

Two kinds of Feedback Systems

Answer 19

• Negative Feedback System
• Positive Feedback System

Question 20

Negative Feedback System

Answer 20

Shuts off the original stimulus or reduces its intensity

Question 21

Positive Feedback System

Answer 21

Intensifies the original stimulus
ex. pushes a baby out

Question 22

Body Cavities

Answer 22

Spaces in the body that protect, separate, and support the internal organs

Question 23

Dorsal body cavity

Answer 23

Cranial cavity + vertebral (spinal) cavity

Question 24

Ventral body cavity

Answer 24

Thoracic cavity + abdominopelvic cavity

Question 25

Thoracic cavity

Answer 25

Pericardial cavity + 2 pleural cavities

Question 26

Abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 26

abdominal cavity + pelvic cavity

Question 27

Serous membranes

Answer 27

Helps to reduce friction. Without this, organs would cause internal damage to eachother

Question 28

Parietal Membrane

Answer 28

Lines the cavity

Question 29

Visceral membrane

Answer 29

covers the organs within the cavity

Question 30

Parietal pericardium

Answer 30

Covers wall

Question 31

Parietal peritoneum

Answer 31

covers wall

Question 32

Visceral pericardium

Answer 32

covers the actual heart

Question 33

Visceral peritoneum

Answer 33

Covers the organs itself