Chapter One The Earths Surface Flashcards
Name the seven plates
Eurasian African South American North American can Indo Australian Nazca Antarctic Pacific
Name the layers of the earth
Inner core
Outer core
Mantel
Crust
What is it called when two plates meet
A plate boundary
What are convection currents
Magma heated in mantel rises towards crust
When rises cool and moves sideways
This causes friction between the magma
Then the crust pulls away from the plates
Magma cools and sinks back mantel
Process is constantly repeated
What is a mid ocean ridge
Magma rises up from the mantel through cracks in crust
The magma then cools and gardens and builds up forming a ridge of rock
Name two positive sociopath economic affects of a volcano
The soil bares rich minerals which is very good for agriculture
Tourists could visit volcanos which can bring alit of revenue for a town or city and some people could even set up businesses surrounding the volcano
Name two negative socio economics affects of volcanos
A lava flow burns anything in its path which means there can be a huge loss of human life if a volcano erupts
Gasses made by volcanos like solfur dioxide can poison people who live nearby and can also cause acid rain which can effect the environment and agriculture
Name three different types of volcano
Active. Erupts regularly
Dormant hasn’t erupted in a long time but still can
Extinct Will not erupt again
What is geothermal energy
It’s energy produced from the heat of the earth
Steam from hot water is used to produce electricity
Water heated by the energy is piped into schools and offices
It is one of the cheapest most sustainable forms of energy
What does ……….. mean
Focus
Epicentre
Aftershocks
The point beneath the surface where the earthquake happens
The point on the surface directly above the focus
Smaller tremors that follow the earthquake
What is a ???!
Seismologist
Seismographs
Richter scale
A person who studies earthquake activity
Used to measure tremors in the earths crust
Are used to show the strength of an earthquake
What are some damages that can be caused by an earthquake
Loss of life
Damage or collapsing of buildings
Damage to electricity or gas pipelines can cause fire
What are fold mountains
They are when two plates collide
It’s when a heavier and lighter plate are pushed together and collide the heavier plate sinks underneath the lighter one into the mantel
The lighter plate then buckled upwards because it has nowhere else to go causing fold mountains
Name the three different periods of folding mountain
Alpine the highest mountains in the world formed 30 to 35 m years ago
Armorican this occurred when the Eurasian and African plates collided 250 m years ago
Caledonian this occurred when the Eurasian and American plates collided about 400m years ago
