Chapter One Test

Question 1

List the three states of matter in order from lowest kinetic energy to highest kinetic energy

Answer 1

Solid, liquid, gas

Question 2

Are the following matter or energy?
The sun
Sunlight
Earths atmosphere
Heat in a sauna
Your soul
Your memories

Answer 2

Matter
Energy 
Matter
Energy 
Energy

Question 3

Matter can be divided into 3 different categories. What are they?

Answer 3

Elements, compounds, mixtures

Question 4

Define sublimation

Answer 4

When a substance skips a state in a phase change (one state of matter can be skipped altogether)

Question 5

Explain why a pot of water will boil and turn to steam if it is heated. Include what is happening to the water molecules, how their KE changes, and how the bonds are affected

Answer 5

A pot of water will turn into steam if it is heated because as the water molecules heat up, their kinetic energy increases, causing the atoms to move faster. When the atoms move faster, their bonds break, creating a gas.

Question 6

A change in the state of matter of a substance is also known as a

Answer 6

Phase change

Question 7

Is energy released or absorbed by your finger when you grab ahold of dry ice

Answer 7

Energy is released because you now have less KE and so the atoms move slower and you are cooler

Question 8

Define mixture

Answer 8

Two or more elements or compounds in the same place, but not chemically combined

Question 9

Are the following homogenous or heterogeneous
Salt water 
Milk
Chunky beef stew
Chocolate chip cookie

Answer 9

Homo
Homo
Hetero
Hetero

Question 10

Define chemistry

Answer 10

The study of matter and how it interacts, what its structure is, and what properties it has

Question 11

Explain how the property of shape is different in the three states of matter

Answer 11

Solids have a definite shape and will keep their shape unless acted on by an outside force.
Liquids shape changes to fit their container
Gases have no true group shape and expand to fill their container

Question 12

Scientists believe they have found water on Mars. Would this water be any different than the water found on earth? Explain

Answer 12

No because water is the same regardless of its location (it always has 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen) It will always have the same composition because it is a pure substance

Question 13

Explain the difference between an element, a compound, and a mixture

Answer 13

An element is the simplest form of matter
A compound if made up of specific elements chemically combined
A mixture is made up of two or more elements or compounds in the same place, but not chemically combined

Question 14

List the three characteristics of compounds

Answer 14

The elements of a compound are always found in the same ratio
Individual elements properties disappear when the compound is formed
Compounds can be broken down (decomposed) into simpler substances

Question 15

Which of the following are pure substances 
Carbon (C)
Sugar (C6H12O6)
Salt water 
Mountain Dew

Answer 15

Yes
Yes
No
No

Question 16

Element or compound 
Li
H2
MgO
Pb

Answer 16

E
E
C
E

Question 17

What are the two characteristics of all matter

Answer 17

Has mass

Has volume

Question 18

Explain the difference between intensive and extensive properties

Answer 18

Extensive properties depend on the amount of sample (volume, mass, weight) while intensive properties are the same in all sizes of a substance (density, melting and boiling points)

Question 19

Describe how you know if a substance is going through a physical change

Answer 19

No new substance is formed. Some things that happen during a physical change are phase changes, grinding, magnetizing iron, and dissolving something

Question 20

Describe how you know if a substance is going through a chemical change

Answer 20

If a new substance forms. Some things that happen during a chemical change are a gas being produced (bubbles), a precipitate forms, change in color, change in temp, an odor is produced, and energy is produced