chapter one: medical law and ethics book Flashcards
introduction to medical law, ethics, and bioethics
Amoral
is lacking or indifferent to moral standards
Applied Ethics
is the practical application of moral standards that are meant to benefit the patient.
Bioethicists
specialists in the field of bioethics, have given thought to ethical concerns that often examine the more abstract dimensions of ethical issues and dilemmas
Bioethics
a branch of applied ethics is a field resulting from modern medical advances and research
comparable worth
is the theory that extends equal pay requirements to all persons who are doing equal work
compassion
is the ability to have a gentle, caring attitude toward patients and fellow employees
cost/benefit analysis
justifies the means of achieving a goal
due process
is the entitlement of employees of the government and public companies to have certain procedures followed when they believe their rights are in jeopardy
duty-based ethics
focuses on performing one’s duty to various people and institutions such as parents, employers, employees, and customers( patients)
empathy
an objective awareness of the feelings, emotions, and behavior of another person
ethics
the branch of philosophy related to morals, moral principles, and moral judgments. is often about making choices
fidelity
loyalty and faithfulness to others
indigent
impoverished
integrity
is the unwavering adherence to one’s principles
justice-based ethics
is based on an important moral restraint called “the veil of ignorance.”
law
are rules or actions prescribed by an authority such as the federal government and the court system that have a binding legal force.
litigious
unreasonably prone to go to law to settle disputes
medical ethics
concerns questions specifically related to the practice of medicine.
medical etiquette
the physicians practice in their relationship and conduct with patients and other physicians
medical practice acts
established in all 50 states by stature, apply specifically to the way medicine is practiced in a particular state.
morality
is the quality of being virtuous or practicing the right conduct.
precedent
the decision of the case acts as a model for any future cases in which the facts are the same.
principle of autonomy ‘
means that people have the right to make decisions about their own life
principle of beneficence
means that we mist not harm patients while we are trying to help them
prociple of justice
warns us that equals must be treated equally
principle of nonmalfeasance
based on the Latin maxim primum non nocere, which means “first, do no harm.”
quality assurance
is gathering and evaluating information about the services provided, as well as the results achieved and comparing this information with accepted standards
rights-based ethics
or also called natural rights places the primary emphasis on a person’s individual rights.
sexual harassment
unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature
sympathy
is feeling sorry for or pitying someone else
tolerance
respect for those whose opinions, practices, race, religion, and nationality differ from our own
utilitarianism
is the ethical theory based on the guiding principle of the greatest good for the greatest number of people? concerned with the impact of actions or outcomes, on the welfare of society as a whole.
virtue-based ethics
emphasizes on persons and not necessarily on the decisions or principles that are involved.
medical law
addresses legal rights and obligations that affect patients and protect individual rights, including those of healthcare employees
while laws vary from state to state, the more common items of unprofessional conduct including what?
- practicing medicine without a license
- impaired ability to practice medicine because of addiction or mental illness
- conviction of a felony
- insufficient record keeping
- allowing an unlicensed person to practice medicine
- physical abuse or patients
- prescribing medication in excessive amounts
OSHA
Occupational safety and health act
beneficence
the action of helping others and performing actions that would result in benefit to another person.
gentleness
a mild, tenderhearted approach to other people
holistic care
a comprehensive total care approach to a patient including physical, emotional, and spiritual.
humanity
acquiring an unpretentious and humble manner
justice
fairness in all our actions with other people
perseverance
persisting with a tsk or idea even against obstacles.
responsibility
a sense of accountability for one’s actions
sanctity of life
the sacredness of human life
work
an effort applied toward some end goal
the bleanchard-peale three-step ethics model
1) is it legal?
2) is it balanced?
3) how does it make me feel?
seven-step decision model
1- determine the facts by asking the following: what do we need to know? who is involved in the situation? Where does ethics take place? when does it occur?
2- define the precise ethical issue
3- identify the major principles, rules, and values
4- specify the alternatives
5- compare values and alternatives
6- assess the consequences
7- make a decision
the lo thee-step clinical model
1- gather information
2- clarify the ethical issue
3- resolve the dilemma
