Chapter One: Elements Molecules and Crystals

Question 1

Extremely Small, Negatively Charged Particles

Answer 1

Electrons

Question 2

Electrons are..

Answer 2

Extremely Small, Negatively Charged Particles

Question 3

Small, Positively Charged Particles

Answer 3

Protons

Question 4

Protons are..

Answer 4

Small, Positively Charged Particles

Question 5

Protons have a mass of … times that of an electron

Answer 5

1840 times

Question 6

Small particles with no electrical charge, that have approx. same mass as a proton.

Answer 6

Neutrons

Question 7

Neutrons are..

Answer 7

Small particles with no electrical charge, that have approx. same mass as a proton.

Question 8

Compounds are substances made up of two or more chemically combined elements. They are composed of either.. or..

Answer 8

Molecules or Ions

Question 9

Atoms with extra electrons or missing electrons

Answer 9

Ions

Question 10

Ions are..

Answer 10

atoms with extra electrons or missing electrons

Question 11

Ions with a positive charge are called

Answer 11

Cations

Question 12

Ions with a negative charge are called

Answer 12

Anions

Question 13

Cations are..

Answer 13

..positively charged Ions. i.e. Missing electrons(smaller)

Question 14

Anions are..

Answer 14

..negatively charged Ions. i.e. Extra electrons(larger)

Question 15

The weight of an atom is referred to as..

Answer 15

Atomic Weight

Question 16

All atomic weights are based on how heavy or light they are compared to carbon-12. What is the atomic weight of carbon-12?

Answer 16

The Atomic Weight of carbon-12 is 12.0000 units.

Question 17

The atomic weight is determined by the sum of.. and.. in the atom

Answer 17

Protons and Neutrons. Electrons contribution is nearly insignificant

Question 18

Atoms form materials throughout three primary bonding mechanisms

Answer 18

Ionic
Covalent
Metallic

Question 19

This bond involves the transfer of electrons from one atom species to another. Results in a coulombic attraction.

Answer 19

Ionic Bond

Question 20

Coulombic Attraction is..

Answer 20

The force of attraction between positive and negative charges.

Question 21

This bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms of different or like species.

Answer 21

Covalent Bond

Question 22

This bond involves a sharing or delocalizing of all valence electrons .

Answer 22

Metallic Bond

Question 23

Ionic Bond:

Answer 23

The transfer of electrons from one atom species to another. Results in a coulombic attraction.

Question 24

Covalent Bond:

Answer 24

The sharing of electrons between atoms of different or like species.

Question 25

Metallic Bond:

Answer 25

A sharing or delocalizing of all valence electrons.

Question 26

van der Waals Bond:

Answer 26

Coulombic or electrical attraction created by an asymmetrical charge distribution in the molecule

Question 27

Metals have crystalline structures based on one of three crystal geometries.

Answer 27

Body-Centered Cubic Face-Centered Cubic Hexagonal Close-Packed

Question 28

The two Point Defects in crystals are..

Answer 28

Interstitials: Extra atoms Vacancies: Missing atoms

Question 29

Interstitials:

Answer 29

Point defect in crystal structure consisting of extra atoms

Question 30

Vacancies:

Answer 30

Point defect in crystal structure consisting of missing atoms

Question 31

Two Linear Defects in crystals are..

Answer 31

Edge Dislocations: Extra half planes of atoms | Screw Dislocations: Helical lattice structures

Question 32

Areal Defects in crystals consist of

Answer 32

Grain boundaries

Question 33

Point Defects are important in to the metallurgical process of..

Answer 33

Diffusion

Question 34

Linear Defects are important in determining..

Answer 34

Strength and ductility of metals

Question 35

Areal Defects are important in determining...

Answer 35

The properties of metals

Question 36

Allotopic Metals

Answer 36

Metals which may exist in two or more crystal structures.

Question 37

Metals which may exist in two or more crystal structures are..

Answer 37

Allotropic Metals