Chapter One- Classification

Question 0

How do we classify?

Answer 0

1. Physical appearance
2. Behavioural actions
3. Methods of Reproduction
4. Molecular Sequences

Question 1

What does King Philip Came a Over For Gold Specks mean?

Answer 1

(Domain)
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species

Question 2

Molecular evidence-

All organisms are made of cells, but some of these cells can differ- name some:

Answer 2

Prokaryotes-no nucleus (bacteria)
Eukaryotes-nucleus present
Cell wall- absent
Flagellum- present- chitin/cellulose

Question 3

Draw the basic structure of phylogenic trees:

Answer 3

1. 2. 3. 4. | | | |
            | | |_____| ^
            | |________| | Recent⬆️
            | | |
            |___________| |
            | | Past⬇️
            ( ) <— Ancestor |

Question 4

What are Phylogenic Trees?

Answer 4

Phylogenic Trees can be used to show evolutionary trends based on:
Molecular evidence
Physiological evidence
Genetic features

Question 5

Why do we classify?

Answer 5

Allows people to communicate efficiently, internationally recognised system

Question 6

What is a species?

Answer 6

Organisms that are grouped in the same species usually closely resemble each other (morphologically and genetically) and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring in natural conditions. In all cases, exceptions are found

Question 7

What is Phylogeny & Taxonomy?

Answer 7

Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a group of related species.

Reconstructing phylogenies involves identifying and classifying species to show their evolutionary relatedness: a scientific discipline (or area of study) called taxonomy

Question 8

What is Binomial Nomenclature?

Answer 8

Binomial nomenclature is a system, developed by Linnaeus, of naming organisms using two terms, the first one indicating the genus, and the second the species

Question 9

What is a scientific name?

Answer 9

This is the combination of the genus and species name. For example Homo sapiens (humans)

Question 10

What is the Biological species concept?

Answer 10

This is the definition of a species based on the capacity of individuals to interbreed.

Question 11

What is the Phylogenetic species concept?

Answer 11

A species is the smallest group of organisms that can trace their origins to a single common ancestor
-uses genetic techniques

Question 12

What are Dichotomous keys?

Answer 12

This is a method for determining the identity of something by going through a series of choices that leads the user to the correct name of the organism.