CHAPTER ONE: BASIC CONCEPTS RELATED TO NURSING Flashcards
What is the goal of nursing profession?
The goal of nursing profession is to meet the health needs of the people.
How did Virginia Henderson (1966) define nursing?
Nursing is assisting the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge.
How did World Health Organizations (WHO) in 1974 define health?
Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Define health and wellness according to Dunn in the late 1950s?
Health is defined as a passive state which the individual is free from disease in a peaceful environment.
Wellness is the synonym of health is considered a peak of physical and mental health in a very favourable biophysical and socio-economic environment.
Define health and wellness according to Bruhn et al in the mid 1970s?
Health is a static position which is the outcome of avoidance of factors, behaviours or circumstances which result in illness.
Wellness is a continually evolving process in which the individual activitely arranges his life-style and behaviour.
Good health results from rehabilitation of individual from specific illness.
Wellness include good health and maximising life satisfaction.
Define health according to the sociological perception?
They see health as those bodily and emotional conditions which support or add to the pursuit and enjoyment of prized cultural values.
Define health according to John et al (1975)?
Health is the quality of life resulting from the total functioning of the individual in his environment that empowers him to achieve a personally satisfying and socially useful life.
Define disease?
It is the manifest of pathological changes in the body.
Define disease according to Lewis?
It is a reaction of organisms to a disturbance of the inner equilibrium.
Define disease according to Maclean?
According to Maclean, disease have both subjective and objective components.
Objective changes in structure and function are signs of disease.
Subjective information about disease as may be reported by the patient or any other significant person are called symptoms.
List the characteristics of disease?
Objective, subjective, incidence, onset, course, prognosis, duration, and communicability.
Define disease according to biomedical sciences?
It is considered as external bodily state, function or process that deviate from the norms.
Define disease according to pathological and physiological perspective?
It is considered as a failure of the adaptive mechanisms of an organism to counteract adequately, the stimuli or stresses to which it is subject.
List and explain Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs.
Physiological Needs: They are considered basic and necessary for survival. These needs oxygen, fluid, nutrition, temperature and elimination, shelter, rest and sex.
Safety and Security: Two components of these needs are: physical safety and psychological safety.
