Chapter One: Abnormal Psychology: Overview and Research Approaches

Question 1

_____ _____ is concerned with understanding the nature, causes, and treatment of mental disorders.

Answer 1

Abnormal Psychology

Question 2

What three things is abnormal psychology concerned with understanding?

Answer 2

nature, causes, and treatment

Question 3

What is a disorder that runs in families? Family _____ .

Answer 3

family aggregation

Question 4

These _____ are at the very heart of a research-based approach that looks to use _____ _____ and _____ _____ to understand abnormal psychology

Answer 4

questions
scientific inquiry
careful observation

Question 5

What is an important aspect of being a psychologist?

Answer 5

Asking questions

Question 6

Psychologists are trained to _____ _____ and to _____ _____ .

Answer 6

ask questions

conduct research

Question 7

What is abnormal psycholgy also called?

Answer 7

psychopathology

Question 8

Current _____ … knowledge accumulates and advances are made - and _____ is the engine that drives all of these developments.

Answer 8

research

research

Question 9

_____ is at the heart of progress and _____ in abnormal psychology.

Answer 9

research

knowledge

Question 10

There is no universal agreement on what is meant by abnormality or disorder because it is _____ .

Answer 10

elusive

Question 11

Is there one behavior that makes someone abnormal? Are there clear elements or indicators of abnormality?

Answer 11

No

Yes

Question 12

No single _____ is sufficient in and of itself to define or determine abnormality.

Answer 12

indicator

Question 13

Name the 7 indicators of abnormality:

Answer 13

subjective distress
maladaptiveness
statistical deviancy
violation of the standards of society
social discomfort
irrationality and unpredictability
dangerousness

Question 14

_____ behavior interferes with our well-being and with our ability to enjoy our work and our relationships.

Answer 14

maladaptive

Question 15

The word abnormal literally means _____ from the _____ .

Answer 15

away

normal

Question 16

A behavior is most likely to be viewed as abnormal when it violates the _____ of _____ and is _____ _____ or _____ .

Answer 16

standards
society
statistically 
deviant
rare

Question 17

Unpredictable, make no sense to you, disordered speech, disorganized behavior, irrational… such behaviors are a hallmark of _____ phases of _____ disorder and _____ .

Answer 17

manic
bipolar
schizophrenia

Question 18

The most important factor is our evaluation of whether the person can control his or her _____ .

Answer 18

behavior

Question 19

Decisions about abnormal behavior always involve _____ judgments and are based on the _____ and _____ of society at large. This means that _____ plays a role in determining what is and is not _____ .

Answer 19

social
values
expectations
culture
abnormal

Question 20

DSM means _____ and _____ _____ of _____ _____ .

Answer 20

diagnostic
statistical manual
mental disorders

Question 21

The DSM provides all the information necessary to diagnose _____ _____ .

Answer 21

mental disorders

Question 22

The DSM provides _____ with specific diagnostic _____ for each disorder.

Answer 22

clinicians

criteria

Question 23

The DSM creates common _____ so that a specific _____ means the same thing to one clinician as it does to another.

Answer 23

language

diagnosis

Question 24

Providing descriptive information about the type and number of symptoms needed for each diagnosis helps ensure _____ _____ and _____ (_____) .

Answer 24

diagnostic accuracy

consistency (reliability)

Question 25

The DSM is also important for _____ .

Answer 25

research

Question 26

Revisions of the DSM are important because they allow new scientific developments to be incorporated into how we think about _____ _____, also have goals to maintain _____ , guided by new _____ _____ . There is a balance of _____ and _____ .

Answer 26

``` mental disorders continuity research findings change continuity ```

Question 27

In the USA, the accepted standard for defining various types of mental disorders is?

Answer 27

The America Psychiatric Associations' Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Question 28

How many categories does the DSM-5 have?

Answer 28

541

Question 29

What is the WHO document?

Answer 29

International Classification of diseases

Question 30

What revision is it on?

Answer 30

ICD-11

Question 31

A _____ disorder is defined (within the DSM-5) as a _____ that is present in an individual and that involves clinically significant disturbance in _____ , _____ _____ , or _____ _____ .

Answer 31

``` mental syndrome behavior emotion regulation cognitive functioning ```

Question 32

Mental disorders are usually associated with significant _____ or _____ in key areas of functioning such as _____ , _____ ,or other activities.

Answer 32

distress disability social occupational

Question 33

Most scientists rely on _____ . _____ systems provide us with a nomenclature which is a _____ system. This gives clinicians and researchers both a _____ _____ and _____ _____ for complex clinical conditions. It enables us to _____ _____ in amore helpful manner. It helps shape the way information is organized.

Answer 33

``` classification classification common language shorthand terms structure information ```

Question 34

Classification facilitates _____ . This gives us more information and facilitates greater understanding, not only about what causes various disorders but also how they might best be _____ .

Answer 34

research | treated

Question 35

As we simplify through classification, we inevitably lose an array of _____ _____ about the actual person who has the disorder.

Answer 35

personal details

Question 36

What is a deterrent to seeking treatment for mental health problems?

Answer 36

stigma

Question 37

What are automatic beliefs concerning other people that we unavoidably learn as a result of growing up in a particular culture?

Answer 37

stereotypes

Question 38

Stigma can be perpetuated by the problem of _____ .

Answer 38

labeling

Question 39

Classification systems do not classify _____ . they classify the _____ that people have.

Answer 39

people | disorder

Question 40

Within a _____ ,many shared beliefs and behaviors exist that are widely accepted and that may constitute one or more customary practices.

Answer 40

culture

Question 41

_____ can shape the clinical presentation of disorders.

Answer 41

culture

Question 42

_____ toward people with mental illness seems to be found worldwide.

Answer 42

prejudice

Question 43

Some disorders are highly _____ specific.

Answer 43

culture

Question 44

_____ _____ is behavior that deviates from the norms of the society in which the person lives.

Answer 44

abnormal behavior

Question 45

What is the study of the distribution of diseases, disorders, or health-related behaviors in a given population?

Answer 45

epidemiology

Question 46

Mental health epidemiology is the study of the _____ of _____ _____ .

Answer 46

distribution | mental disorders

Question 47

A key component of an epidemiological survey is _____ the frequencies of _____ _____ .

Answer 47

determining | mental disorders

Question 48

_____ refers to the number of active cases in a population during any given period of time.

Answer 48

prevalence

Question 49

_____ refers to the estimated proportion of actual, active cases of a disorder in a given population at a given point in time.

Answer 49

point prevalence