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Abnormal Psychology > Chapter One: Abnormal Psychology: Overview and Research Approaches > Flashcards

Chapter One: Abnormal Psychology: Overview and Research Approaches Flashcards

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1
Q

_____ _____ is concerned with understanding the nature, causes, and treatment of mental disorders.

A

Abnormal Psychology

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2
Q

What three things is abnormal psychology concerned with understanding?

A

nature, causes, and treatment

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3
Q

What is a disorder that runs in families? Family _____ .

A

family aggregation

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4
Q

These _____ are at the very heart of a research-based approach that looks to use _____ _____ and _____ _____ to understand abnormal psychology

A

questions
scientific inquiry
careful observation

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5
Q

What is an important aspect of being a psychologist?

A

Asking questions

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6
Q

Psychologists are trained to _____ _____ and to _____ _____ .

A

ask questions

conduct research

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7
Q

What is abnormal psycholgy also called?

A

psychopathology

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8
Q

Current _____ … knowledge accumulates and advances are made - and _____ is the engine that drives all of these developments.

A

research

research

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9
Q

_____ is at the heart of progress and _____ in abnormal psychology.

A

research

knowledge

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10
Q

There is no universal agreement on what is meant by abnormality or disorder because it is _____ .

A

elusive

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11
Q

Is there one behavior that makes someone abnormal? Are there clear elements or indicators of abnormality?

A

No

Yes

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12
Q

No single _____ is sufficient in and of itself to define or determine abnormality.

A

indicator

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13
Q

Name the 7 indicators of abnormality:

A 
subjective distress
maladaptiveness
statistical deviancy
violation of the standards of society
social discomfort
irrationality and unpredictability
dangerousness
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14
Q

_____ behavior interferes with our well-being and with our ability to enjoy our work and our relationships.

A

maladaptive

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15
Q

The word abnormal literally means _____ from the _____ .

A

away

normal

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16
Q

A behavior is most likely to be viewed as abnormal when it violates the _____ of _____ and is _____ _____ or _____ .

A 
standards
society
statistically 
deviant
rare
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17
Q

Unpredictable, make no sense to you, disordered speech, disorganized behavior, irrational… such behaviors are a hallmark of _____ phases of _____ disorder and _____ .

A

manic
bipolar
schizophrenia

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18
Q

The most important factor is our evaluation of whether the person can control his or her _____ .

A

behavior

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19
Q

Decisions about abnormal behavior always involve _____ judgments and are based on the _____ and _____ of society at large. This means that _____ plays a role in determining what is and is not _____ .

A 
social
values
expectations
culture
abnormal
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20
Q

DSM means _____ and _____ _____ of _____ _____ .

A

diagnostic
statistical manual
mental disorders

21
Q

The DSM provides all the information necessary to diagnose _____ _____ .

A

mental disorders

22
Q

The DSM provides _____ with specific diagnostic _____ for each disorder.

A

clinicians

criteria

23
Q

The DSM creates common _____ so that a specific _____ means the same thing to one clinician as it does to another.

A

language

diagnosis

24
Q

Providing descriptive information about the type and number of symptoms needed for each diagnosis helps ensure _____ _____ and _____ (_____) .

A

diagnostic accuracy

consistency (reliability)

25
Q

The DSM is also important for _____ .

A

research

26
Q

Revisions of the DSM are important because they allow new scientific developments to be incorporated into how we think about _____ _____, also have goals to maintain _____ , guided by new _____ _____ . There is a balance of _____ and _____ .

A 
mental disorders
continuity
research findings
change 
continuity
27
Q

In the USA, the accepted standard for defining various types of mental disorders is?

A

The America Psychiatric Associations’ Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

28
Q

How many categories does the DSM-5 have?

A

541

29
Q

What is the WHO document?

A

International Classification of diseases

30
Q

What revision is it on?

A

ICD-11

31
Q

A _____ disorder is defined (within the DSM-5) as a _____ that is present in an individual and that involves clinically significant disturbance in _____ , _____ _____ , or _____ _____ .

A 
mental
syndrome
behavior
emotion
regulation
cognitive functioning
32
Q

Mental disorders are usually associated with significant _____ or _____ in key areas of functioning such as _____ , _____ ,or other activities.

A

distress
disability
social
occupational

33
Q

Most scientists rely on _____ . _____ systems provide us with a nomenclature which is a _____ system. This gives clinicians and researchers both a _____ _____ and _____ _____ for complex clinical conditions. It enables us to _____ _____ in amore helpful manner. It helps shape the way information is organized.

A 
classification
classification
common language
shorthand terms
structure information
34
Q

Classification facilitates _____ . This gives us more information and facilitates greater understanding, not only about what causes various disorders but also how they might best be _____ .

A

research

treated

35
Q

As we simplify through classification, we inevitably lose an array of _____ _____ about the actual person who has the disorder.

A

personal details

36
Q

What is a deterrent to seeking treatment for mental health problems?

A

stigma

37
Q

What are automatic beliefs concerning other people that we unavoidably learn as a result of growing up in a particular culture?

A

stereotypes

38
Q

Stigma can be perpetuated by the problem of _____ .

A

labeling

39
Q

Classification systems do not classify _____ . they classify the _____ that people have.

A

people

disorder

40
Q

Within a _____ ,many shared beliefs and behaviors exist that are widely accepted and that may constitute one or more customary practices.

A

culture

41
Q

_____ can shape the clinical presentation of disorders.

A

culture

42
Q

_____ toward people with mental illness seems to be found worldwide.

A

prejudice

43
Q

Some disorders are highly _____ specific.

A

culture

44
Q

_____ _____ is behavior that deviates from the norms of the society in which the person lives.

A

abnormal behavior

45
Q

What is the study of the distribution of diseases, disorders, or health-related behaviors in a given population?

A

epidemiology

46
Q

Mental health epidemiology is the study of the _____ of _____ _____ .

A

distribution

mental disorders

47
Q

A key component of an epidemiological survey is _____ the frequencies of _____ _____ .

A

determining

mental disorders

48
Q

_____ refers to the number of active cases in a population during any given period of time.

A

prevalence

49
Q

_____ refers to the estimated proportion of actual, active cases of a disorder in a given population at a given point in time.

A

point prevalence

Abnormal Psychology (1 decks)

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