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Poly Sci > Chapter One > Flashcards

Chapter One Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five Checks and Balances?

A
  1. ) veto
  2. ) override veto
  3. ) impeachment
  4. ) declare war
  5. ) treaties
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2
Q

What are the five types of people the president may appoint and what are their contingencies?

A
  1. ) agency leaders (the president may fire most agency leaders)
  2. ) federal judges (majority vote of the senate, the president cannot fire federal judges)
  3. ) diplomats (approved by the majority of the senate. The president can fire diplomats)
  4. ) military commanders (includes generals and admins, the president can appoint them on his own and fire them n his own)
  5. )Vice president (25th amendment allows president to appoint new VP is there is no current one- however this is the only power both the house and senate have to vote on together- majority rules)
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3
Q

ESSAY

Who was allowed to vote in America 200 years ago?

A

Requirements

  1. ) own property 3.) white
  2. ) be 21 or older 4.) male 5.) a citizen

Only 17% of people were able to vote

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4
Q

Essay continued: How was it changed?

A

Congress passed the voting rights act of 1965.
- no land needed (this now made it easier for white men without property)
- black men were now allowed to vote
Vietnam war effected this too
-26th amendment lowered voting age to 18

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5
Q

Essay continued: How did they oppressed the voting rights of our black citizens?

A
  1. ) poll tax required- $25 and most black men could not afford it (this ended because of the 24th amendment)
  2. ) literacy test- made you pass a reading or writing test which they knew was not realistic or even possible for most black citizens because in 1831 a slave named Nat Turner started a slave revolt which led to making it illegal to teach slaves how to read and write
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6
Q

Essay continued: How were white men still able to vote if they couldn’t afford the poll tax or pass the literacy test, and why didn’t this help black men?

A

The grand father clause- you had to have proof your grandfather did one of the following- owned land, payed taxes, served on a jury, ect… Black men had slaves for grandfathers, so they did none of these things.

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7
Q

When did the civil war take place?

A

1861-1865

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8
Q

When did the French-Indian war take place?

A

1754-1763

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9
Q

When did the American Revolution take place?

A

1765-1783

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10
Q

What % of southerners owned most of the slaves?

A

1%

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11
Q

True or False: Those who owned slaves were the only people allowed to run for government office in the south?

A

True

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12
Q

Instead of slaves who did the north use for free labor?

A

Immigrants

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13
Q

Who became the first republican president in December of the 1860 election?

A

Abraham Lincoln

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14
Q

When did the south finally rebel?

A

When Lincoln won the White House and republicans won the house.

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15
Q

What were 90% of republicans called?

A

Lincolnites

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16
Q

What were the other 10% of republicans called? What did they control?

A

Radicals, and they controlled congress.

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17
Q

When was Lincoln sworn in?

A

March 1861

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18
Q

Which southern state was the first to rebel?

A

Carolina

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19
Q

True or False: 6 southern states rebelled, they called themselves “The Confederate States of America”

A

False, 7 states rebelled

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20
Q

Who was the first and only confederate president?

A

Jefferson Davis

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21
Q

Who ran the confederate army?

A

Robert E Lee

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22
Q

Why was it legal for the south to secede?

A

Because there isn’t anything in the constitution about states seceding.

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23
Q

What law did the south break?

A

There is a federal law that prohibits violence and rebellion.

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24
Q

True or false: Lincoln raised 75,000 troops to crush the 7 states and called it treason.

A

True

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25
After Lincoln raised his troop how many more states joined the confederacy?
4
26
True or false: the civil war had the least amount of American deaths than any other war in the History of the United States.
False, the American civil war had the highest death count of American citizens than in any other war.
27
True or false: Lincoln always said the war was about treason- not slavery.
True
28
What was the name of the man who tried to convince Lincoln to free the slaves? What perspective did he have?
Fredrick Douglas, he was a former slave.
29
In what year did Lincoln finally decide to try and free the slaves?
1862
30
What was the Emancipation proclamation and what impact did it have?
- it was an executive order, which means it was passed by Lincoln and not congress - he broke the law by doing this however he was not impeached - it called for all slaves in the confederacy to free all their slaves, slaves in other southern states however were not free - southerns ignored it because they saw Jefferson as their president, and not Lincoln
31
What law kept slaves from running?
The 1850 fugitive slave act
32
What was the fugitive slave act?
If a slave escaped and you aided him or her, you would go to jail. You were required to turn them into the authorities.
33
True or False: Lincoln said if slaves escaped and made it to the north, not to send them back
True
34
True or false: if slaves escaped to the north, Lincoln did not want them to have jobs, as those jobs were for hard working white men
False, Lincoln instructed the army to find former slaves jobs.
35
True or false: Lincoln did not allow black men to fight for the us government?
False
36
Why where France and England originally on the side of the south?
They wanted their cotton
37
True or false: The United States was quickly becoming the number one country
True
38
Which book convinced Queen Victoria to switch sides to the north? Who wrote that book?
Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe
39
True or false: eventually France and England both sent troops to help aid the north.
False, they decided to stay out of it
40
Who killed Lincoln in the theatre where he (the killer) worked?
John Wilkes Boothe
41
What are the two definitions of ex post facto laws?
- if you do something that is legal, and later the law makes it illegal, you can not be prosecuted - if you are sentenced for a crime your sentence for THAT crime can not be worsened
42
What is a bill of attainder?
A law that tries to punish people without trial
43
Give an example or two of bills of attainder.
- Jim Crowe laws (segregation) - during the war with Japan the US government tried to have all Japanese Americans locked up - the 14th amendment was used by women to gain the right to vote in 1920, and gay people used it in 2015 because gay marriage was illegal
44
Who wrote the bill of rights?
James Madison
45
What was the establishment clause of the first amendment?
Separation of church and state, meaning you cannot make laws based on religion. Public schools can not allow religious prayer to artifacts. NO NATIONAL RELIGION.
46
What are the five freedoms of the first amendment?
1. ) speech 2. ) press 3. ) religion 4. ) petition 5. ) assembly *Madison wrote that the congress can not restrict these*
47
What is a restriction on free speech?
Slander
48
What is a restriction on freedom of the press?
Libel
49
What is a restriction on freedom of religion? Who banned this in 1890?
Polygamy, Mormons
50
What are restrictions of petition?
- You can not send threats or try and kill people - you can not block traffic - you can not be in a public place after closing
51
What does the second amendment protect?
The right to keep and bear arms
52
What does the fourth amendment say?
There are to be no unwarranted searches
53
How can police get around the fourth amendment?
Probable cause- if the police hear, see, or smell anything suspicious they can search without warrant. Example: you get pulled over and your car smells like weed
54
What is the second way police can get around the fourth amendment?
If a cop asks you if they can search your car, or whatever they ask to search and you say yes, you wave your rights under the fourth amendment.
55
Under the fifth amendment what is emanate domain?
Any government can take your property, however if that county wants to take your property they must compensate you and it must be for the good of the government
56
True or false: under the fifth amendment there is no self incrimination- meaning you can not be forced into confession, and you can not be forced to testify against yourself.
True
57
True or false: there is no double jeopardy- meaning the dude from jeopardy is freaking the law on his game show, because double jeopardies are not allowed.
False, it means you can not be tried for the same offense twice
58
What is protected under the sixth amendment?
The right to a lawyer
59
True or false: You do not have the right to wave your rights to a jury trial.
False, in some states you can wave your rights to a jury trial
60
What does the eighth amendment prohibit?
No cruel or unusual punishment. Has been used to refute death penalty.
61
What percent of the duty needs to agree to make a conviction or Acquittal?
100%
62
True or false: to be executed, it has to be a unanimous vote
True
63
What is proportionality?
The punishment must match the crime.
64
What is federalism?
1 federal government, and 86,000 state governments: states, counties, cities, and school districts.
65
What are national powers?
Expressed powers: army, national government can declare war and states can't, post office, print money, states have no right to step in on immigration.
66
What does the 10th amendment include?
Any powers after these are reserved powers for the states such as abortion, schools, marriage, and construction
67
What did the thirteenth amendment do?
Abolished slavery once and for all
68
What did the fourteenth amendment do?
Gave black people citizenship
69
What is the equal protection clause?
All Americans should be treated equally
70
Which amendment gave black men the right to vote?
15th
71
What does the 16th amendment involve?
Federal income tax
72
Which amendment created a 13 year prohibition of alcohol?
The 18th
73
Which amendment repealed the eighteenth amendment?
The 21st
74
Which amendment gave women the right to vote?
The 19th
75
Which amendment bans more than 2 terms?
22nd
76
Which amendment ended the poll tax?
The 24th
77
Which amendment allows for president to choose a new VP?
The 25th
78
Which amendment lowered the voting age from 21 to 18?
The 26th

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