Chapter One Flashcards
Introduction and implementation of this program in a Medical Imaging Department can lead to greater radiation safety through patient and community education.
TRACE
The three basic principles of radiation protection.
Time, distance, shielding.
Something that should be provided for patients to facilitate understanding regarding a needed x-ray procedure.
Education
Positively and negatively charged particles.
Ions
SI unit of measure for the radiation quantity, “Equivalent Dose.”
Sievert
Type of communication that the radiographer should have with patients.
Effective
Radiation exposure received by a radiographer, during the fulfillment of duties.
occupational
Radiation exposure that does not benefit a person in terms of diagnostic information obtained for the clinical management of medical needs or any radiation exposure that does not enhance the quality of the study.
unnecessary
Something that is a vital part of radiation protection in the healing arts.
efficacy
type of tissue that X-rays can injure.
biologic
Energy that only humans can control.
Radiant
Most effective tool for early diagnosis of breast cancer
mammography
Systems of something that has been constructed to uniquely quantify concepts of length, force, energy, and time.
units
Form of ionizing radiation
xrays
What “benefit” versus:
risk
Method that compares the amount of radiation received, during an examination, with natural background radiation over a specified period of time.
BERT
Something patients can become, when they are included in decision concerning their own radiologic care.
empowered
When radiation is used for patient examinations, both employers of radiation workers and the workers themselves have a responsibility for this in the medical industry.
safety
Ionizing radiation has a beneficial potential but it can also have another potential:
destructive
xray examinations that become necessary because of technical errors or carelessness:
Repeats
Diagnostic imaging personnel have this type of responsibility to ensure radiation safety, during all medical radiation procedures.
ongoing
Radiation protection guidelines are rooted in this philosophy.
ALARA
Referring to radiation, what EqD is:
Quantity
Effective measures employed by radiation workers to safeguard patients, personnel, and the general public from unnecessary exposure to ionizing radiation.
Radiation protection
The degree to which the diagnostic study accurately reveals the presence or absence of disease in a patient.
Diagnostic efficacy.
A subunit of the sievert equal to 1/1000 of a seivert
millisievert
Damage to living tissue of animals and humans exposed to radiation.
Biologic effects
Makes patients feel that they are active participants in their own health care:
Appropriate and effective communication
In the medical industry with reference to the radiation sciences, the possibility of inducing a radiogenic cancer or genetic effect after irradiation.
Risk
A disease process that does not have a fixed threshold:
Radiation-induced cancer
The benefit to the referring physician in having direct access to a patient’s radiation dose history being the option of knowing whether or not the ordering of an additional radiologic procedure is advisable.
Standardized dose reporting
Individual in a hospital setting expressly charged by the administration to be directly responsible for the execration, enforcement and maintenance of the ALARA program.
Radiation Safety Officer
SI unit of measure for the radiation quantity, “equivalent dose.”
Sv
Method for comparing the amount of radiation received from a radiologic procedure with natural background radiation received over a specified period of time such as days, weeks, months, or years.
BERT (Background Equivalent Radiation Time)
Produces positively and negatively charged particles (ions) when passing through matter.
Ionizing radiation
The upper boundary doses of ionizing radiation for which there is a negligible risk of bodily injury or genetic defect.
Maximum allowable levels of radiation exposure
Year in which X-ray was discovered.
1895
Entrance skin exposure; surface of the skin where x-radiation enters the patient’s body, resulting in an area of maximum exposure.
ESE
Acronym for as low as reasonably achievable.
ALARA
Responsibility of facilities that provide imaging services:
Ensuring the highest quality of service.
A consequence of ionization in human cells
Production of free radicals
Based on evidence of harmful biologic effects:
Need to safeguard against significant and continuing radiation exposure.
Fear of being exposed to radiation:
Radiation phobia
Have the responsibility to select technical exposure factors that significantly reduce radiation exposure to patients and themselves.
Radiologic technologists
Radiation exposure received by persons not employed in the medical imaging profession (for example: its, the general public.)
Nonoccupational doses
Consists of two phases: (1) formulating new policies and procedures to promote radiation safety and the implementation of patient and community education and (2) technologic enhancements
TRACE program
The three basic principles of radiation protection
time, distance, shielding
Term that is synonymous with the acronym ALARA
Optimization for Radiation Protection (ORP)
Which of the following increases radiation exposure for both the patient and the radiographer?
A. Production of optimal quality images with the first exposure.
B. Use of appropriate radiation protection procedures.
C. Repeated radiographic exposures as a result of technical error or carelessness.
D. Limited radiographic examination, as ordered by the radiologist.
C. Repeated radiographic exposures as a result of technical error or carelessness.
To implement an effective radiation safety program in a facility that provides imaging services, the employer must provide all of the following except:
A. An appropriate environment in which to execute an ALARA program and the necessary resources to support the program.
B. X-ray equipment that can produce only very low kilovoltage and very high milliamperage.
C. A written policy that describes the ALARA program and identifies management’s commitment to keeping all radiation exposure as low as reasonably achievable.
D. Periodic exposure audits to determine ways to lower radiation exposure in the workplace.
B. X-ray equipment that can produce only very low kilovoltage and very high milliamperage.
Radiation has been present on earth since:
It’s begining
Occupational and nonoccupational doses will remain well below maximum allowable levels when:
Radiographers and radiologists keep exposure as low as reasonably achievable.
How can humans safely control the use of radiant energy?
By using knowledge of radiation-induced hazards that have been gained over many years and by employing effective ethos to limit or eliminate radiation-induced hazards.
In medicine, when radiation safety principles are correctly applied during imaging procedures, the energy deposited in living tissue by the radiation can be limited. This results in:
Reducing the potential for adverse effects.
