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PSY 242 > Chapter One > Flashcards

Chapter One Flashcards

1
Q

What is “Psyche”

A

The mind

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2
Q

Psyche the mind is _____________

A

Source of all human behaviour

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3
Q

What did the old people think of the brain

A

Not much
Cool the blood like a radiator of the car

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4
Q

Mentalism

A

Mind is not a material
Not cells and Tissues
Mine is outside the body

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5
Q

Who came up with mentalism

A

Aristotle

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6
Q

Memories are stored in ________ in mentalist

A

Heart

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7
Q

Andreas Vesalius pioneered study of ______________

A

Human anatomy

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8
Q

Rene Descartes came up with _________

A

Dualism

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9
Q

Dualism

A

A non material mind governs advanced cognition

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10
Q

In dualism mind is __________

A

Outside the body

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11
Q

In origins of thought Where were thoughts occurred? ____________

A

Pineal gland

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12
Q

Who came up with materialism

A

Charles Darwin

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13
Q

Natural Selection

A

Have traits that gives an advantage to an organism

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14
Q

Adaptation through modification was came up by __________

A

Alfred Russel Wallace

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15
Q

Baldwin effect

A

As animals get smarter and complete a task through evolution

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16
Q

Simple Nervous System has a ____________ range of behaviour

A

Narrow

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17
Q

Complex nervous system has a ____________ range of behaviour

A

Wider

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18
Q

Simple Nervous system consists of __________

A

Nerve Nets

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19
Q

Simple nervous system responds to ________ and __________

A

Light ; Movement

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20
Q

Simple Nervous system responses to ________ motor

A

Reflexive

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21
Q

Ganglia is an example of __________

A

Simple Nervous System

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22
Q

Ganglia

A

Clusters of neurone - allows for a simple but limited cognitive function
Functions somewhat like a brain

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23
Q

What makes a chordate nervous system

A

True Brain and Spinal Cord

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24
Q

Wound healing is faster in __________

A

Chimpanzees

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25
Q

Sense of smell gets _________ as human evolve

A

Worse

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26
Q

Our most Distant ancestor is _____________

A

Australopithecus

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27
Q

Characteristics of Australopithecus

A

Bipedalism
Tool use

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28
Q

Homo habilis made __________

A

Simple stone tools

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29
Q

Homo erectus

A

Migrated Beyond Africa
Made more sophisticated tools
More intelligent

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30
Q

FOX P2 Gene

A

Specific to speech and communication

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31
Q

First Modern humans to use language and social organization

A

Homo Sapiens

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32
Q

Wallaces conundrum

A

Brain is capable for exaltation: Physically changes in response to one person experiences

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33
Q

Central Nervous System consists of __________ and ___________

A

Brain and Spinal Cord

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34
Q

Afferent signals are ___________

A

Sensory

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35
Q

Afferent signals are ___________

A

Sensory

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36
Q

Efferent Signals are _____________

A

Motor

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37
Q

Parts of Peripheral Nervous System

A

Autonomic
Somatic
Enteric

** Runs on Autopilot

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38
Q

Somatic Nervous System

A

Conscious Actions

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39
Q

Parts of Autonomic Nervous system

A

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

40
Q

What nerve links the brain and the ENS

A

Vagus nerve

41
Q

Enteric Nervous system is effected by __________

A

Stress and Anxiety

42
Q

Psychobiotics

A

Drugs to fight Stress and Anxiety

43
Q

What do psychobiotics attack

A

Enteric Nervous System

44
Q

Sympathetic Nervous System Function

A

Fight or Flight

Alerts, Stressed

45
Q

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

Rest, Calming

46
Q

Somatic nervous system is made of _____________

A

Cranial Nerves

47
Q

Cranial Nerves form from the __________

A

Brain Stem

48
Q

Olfactory Nerve

A

Allows Smell

49
Q

Optic Nerve

A

Vision ; Optic Chiasm

50
Q

Facial Nerve

A

Moves different parts of the face

51
Q

Vagus Nerve

A

Digestion (Enteric Nervous System)

52
Q

____________ is the most intense and painful type of headache

A

Migraine

53
Q

____________ Transmits sensory and pain signals to the brain

A

Spinal Cord

54
Q

Two Cerebral Hemispheres are connected by ___________

A

Corpus Callosum

55
Q

Phrenology

A

Bumps in the brain
Early attempt to understand how the brain works

56
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Auditory Processing, language and memory, taste and smell

57
Q

Frontal Lobe

A

Planning, Organization, impulse and motor control

58
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Touch and spatial awareness

59
Q

Occipital Lobe

A

Visual Processing

60
Q

Meninges : Surface to deeper

A
  1. Dura Matter
  2. Subarachnoid space
  3. Pia matter
61
Q

Dura matter

A

Tough Paper

62
Q

Where does cerebrospinal fluid flow in the meninges ?

A

Subarachnoid space

63
Q

What is closest to the brain and hugs the surface of the brain

A

Pia matter

64
Q

Where is CSF made

A

Ventricles

65
Q

_____________ acts as a waste removal of the brain and the spinal cord

A

Cerebrospinal Fluid

66
Q

______________ produces cerebral spinal fluid

A

Choroid plexus

67
Q

____________ is for overproduction of CSF

A

Hydrocephalus

68
Q

____________ primary nutrient in the brain

A

Oxygen

69
Q

Blockage in blood is a __________ stroke

A

Ischemic

70
Q

Bleed in the brain is called ______________

A

Hemorrhagic stoke

71
Q

Fore brain Function

A
  1. Responsible for complex behaviours
  2. Makes you different from others
  3. Higher cognition functioning
72
Q

Brain Stem

A

Unconscious Function
Breathing
Heart rate
Keeping u alive

73
Q

Parts of the brain stem: Surface of brain - Spinal

A
  1. Hindbrain
  2. Midbrain
  3. Diencephalon
74
Q
A

P

75
Q

Parts of Hindbrain

A

Pons and Reticular Formation
Medulla
Cerebellum

76
Q

___________ cycles of sleep

A

Pons

77
Q

______________ Allows you to wake up

A

Reticular Formation

78
Q
A

H

79
Q

Heart rate and breathing is controlled by ____________

A

Medulla

80
Q

_______________ controls motor control and cognition

A

Cerebellum,

81
Q

Parts of the Mid brain

A

Tectum
Tegmentum
Substantial Nigra
Periaqueductal Gray Matter (PGM)

82
Q

What part of the brain stem is involved in pain reception and sense of pain

A

PGM

83
Q

Superior colliculus

A

Coordinates eye movement

84
Q

Inferior colliculus

A

Locating Sounds

85
Q

Parts of Diencephalon

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pituitary Gland

86
Q

Thalamus

A

Sensory Relay centre
Organizing the signals

87
Q

_________________ in charge of releasing hormones in the bloodstream

A

Hypothalamus

88
Q

Hypothalamus singnals _______________ to release _____________

A

Pituitary gland ; Hormones

89
Q

Basal Ganglia

A
90
Q

Migraines can occur from the ____________

A

Trigeminal Nerve

91
Q

Looses control of senses, cannot breathe on their own. Total Paralysis of arms and legs _______________

A

Quadriplegia

92
Q

No function in legs __________

A

Paraplegia

93
Q

White matter is made of ___________

A

Myelin

94
Q

Grey matter is made of ___________

A

Cell bodies

95
Q

Waste removal of the brain

A

CSF

96
Q

Parkinson’s disease and helping control of movement is involved in ____________ of the mid brain

A

Substantia Nigra

97
Q

Pain reception and influence the sense of pain is involved in the ____________ of the midbrain

A

Periaqueductal Gray matter

PSY 242 (3 decks)

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