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CSCS > Chapter One > Flashcards

Chapter One Flashcards

1
Q

What is the goal of a strength coach?

A

Maximize physical performance through programs that are designed to increase muscular strength, endurance and flexibility

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2
Q

Proximal

A

closer to the trunk

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3
Q

Distal

A

farther from the trunk

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4
Q

Superior

A

closer to the head

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5
Q

Inferior

A

closer to the feet

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6
Q

Origin

A

proximal attachment

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7
Q

Insertion

A

Distal attachment

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8
Q

Epimysium

A

Outer layer of muscle fibers

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9
Q

Fasciuli

A

perimysium: surrounds each fasciculus

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10
Q

Endomysium

A

surrounds each fasciculus

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11
Q

Neuromuscular Junction

A

junction between motor neuron and the muscle fibers it innervates

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12
Q

Each cell only has ___ neuromuscular junctions

A

one

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13
Q

motor neuron and muscle fibers it innervates are called a ____

A

motor unit

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14
Q

Sarcoplasm

A

cytoplasm of muscle fibers

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15
Q

sarcoplasm contains

A

contractile components

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16
Q

three components of a sarcoplasm

A

myosin, actin, sarcomere

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17
Q

myosin

A

thick filaments

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18
Q

the A band contains

A

myosin

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19
Q

actin

A

thin filaments

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20
Q

the I band contains

A

actin

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21
Q

what is the smallest contractile unit of skeletal muscle

A

sarcomere

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22
Q

what is the center of a sarcomere

A

h-zone

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23
Q

what is the only thing present in the h-zone

A

myosin

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24
Q

h-zone ___ during contraction

A

decreases

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25
Q

Ca controls ____ ______

A

Muscular contraction

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26
Q

Ca is regulated in the ___

A

SR

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27
Q

sliding filament theory

A

actin filaments at each end of the sarcomere slide inward on myosin filaments pulling the z-lines toward the center of the sarcomere and thus shortening the fiber

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28
Q

phases of the sliding filament theory

A

resting, excitation, contraction

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29
Q

What is the resting phase

A

little Ca is present in the myofibril, few myosin are bound to action, muscle is at rest

30
Q

what is the excitation phase

A

contraction coupling

31
Q

contraction coupling

A

myosin must bind to actin, Ca released from the SR and binds to troponin

32
Q

the amount of force produced by any muscle is directly related to

A

the number of myosin cross bridge heads bound to actin

33
Q

contraction phase

A

energy for cross bridge flexion comes from hydrolysis of ATP to ADP

34
Q

the contraction phase will continue as long as ____ is present

A

Ca

35
Q

Type I fibers are

A

slow twitch

36
Q

type ___ fibers are efficient and fatigue resistant

A

type I

37
Q

type ____ fibers are high capacity for aerobic energy

A

type I

38
Q

type ___ fibers are limited potential for rapid force development

A

type I

39
Q

type ____ are low anaerobic power

A

type I

40
Q

Type II fibers are

A

fast twitch

41
Q

type I fibers develop for and relax with a ___ twitch time

A

long

42
Q

type II fibers develop and relax rapidly with a ___ twitch time

A

short

43
Q

type __ fibers are inefficient and fatigable

A

type II

44
Q

type ___ fibers are low aerobic power

A

type II

45
Q

type ___ fibers have rapid force development

A

type II

46
Q

type ___ fibers have high anaerobic power

A

type II

47
Q

how do type IIa and type IIx differ?

A

in their capacity for aerobic-oxidative energy supply

48
Q

proprioception

A

specialized sensory receptors located within

49
Q

Muscle spindles

A

provide info concerning muscle length and rate of change in length

50
Q

GTO

A

activated when the tendon attached to an active muscle is stretched

51
Q

Primary roles of CVS are to

A

transport nutrients and remove waste products while maintaining homeostasis

52
Q

right side of the heart pumps blood to the ___

A

lungs

53
Q

left side of the heart pumps blood to the ____

A

rest of the body

54
Q

each pump has ___ chambers

A

two

55
Q

Atrium

A

left and right atria deliever blood to the left and right ventricles

56
Q

ventricles

A

left and right ventricles supply the main force for moving blood through the pulmonary to the periphery

57
Q

Stimulation of PNS

A

Bradycardia: <60bpm

58
Q

Stimulation of SNS

A

Tachycardia: >100bpm

59
Q

Components of an electrocardiogram

A

pwave
QRS complex
twave

60
Q

P-wave and QRS complex are recordings of ____ _____

A

electrical depolarization

61
Q

depolarization causes a ___ of membrane electrical potential

A

reversal

62
Q

inside of membrane becomes more ____ while outside becomes more ___

A

positive, negative

63
Q

the t-wave shows

A

repolarization (recovery from state of depolarization)

64
Q

Atrial system carries blood ___ from the heart

A

away

65
Q

venous system carries blood ___ the heart

A

to

66
Q

arteries transport

A

blood pumped from the heart

67
Q

arteries have strong muscular walls due to

A

high pressure gradient

68
Q

capillaries exchange __,___,___ between blood and interstitial fluid

A

blood, o2, nutrients

69
Q

capillaries have ___ walls

A

thin

70
Q

veins transport blood ____ to the heart

A

back

71
Q

veins have ___ walls due to ___

A

thin, low pressure gradient

CSCS (1 decks)

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