Chapter One

Question 1

4 major areas of study

Answer 1

Degrees of freedom problem, perceptual-motor integrate problem,serial-order problem, skill acquisition problem

Question 2

____ ____ involves study of neuromuscular system functions involved while learning a new skill and/or performing a well-learned skill

Answer 2

Motor control

Question 3

____ ____ involves study of acquisition of motor skill, performance enhancement,and reacquisition of skill

Answer 3

Motor learning

Question 4

What factors influence motor control?

Answer 4

Neural, behavioral, environmental, and synergistic mechanisms

Question 5

What is motor control?

Answer 5

Neural, physical, and behavioral mechanisms that underlie human movement

Question 6

What is motor learning?

Answer 6

Acquiring and refining motor skills

Question 7

Learning

Answer 7

Relatively permanent change in a person’s capability to execute a motor skill as a result of practice or experience

Question 8

Performing

Answer 8

The act of executing a motor skill

Question 9

Skills

Answer 9

Tasks or activities that have specific goals to achieve

Question 10

____ require voluntary control over movement of joints and body

Answer 10

Skills

Question 11

4 main characteristics of a skill

Answer 11

Goal to achieve, motor skills performed voluntarily, requires movements of joints and body, needs to be learned or relearned

Question 12

Other characteristics to a skill

Answer 12

Motor equivalence, variability, consistency, and modifiability

Question 13

Movements

Answer 13

Specific patterns of motion among joints and body segments

Question 14

Gross motor skill

Answer 14

Require use of large musculature to achieve the goal of the skill

Question 15

Fine motor skill

Answer 15

Requires control of small muscles to achieve goal of skill (hand-eye coordination)

Question 16

Discrete motor shills

Answer 16

Specified beginning and end points

Question 17

Continuous motor skill

Answer 17

Arbitrary beginning and end points

Question 18

Serial motor skills

Answer 18

Continuous series of discrete motor skills

Question 19

Environmental context

Answer 19

Physical location in which a skill is performed

Question 20

Closed motor skills

Answer 20

Stationary supporting surface, objects, and others

Question 21

Open motor skills

Answer 21

Supporting surfaces, objects, and people are in motion

Question 22

Taxonomy

Answer 22

Classification system that is organized according to relationships among the component characteristics of whatever is being classified

Question 23

Regulatory conditions

Answer 23

Features of environmental context to which movements must conform to achieve action goal