Chapter Nine - Object-Oriented Design and High-Level Programming Languages

Question 1

object

Answer 1

• object that makes sense within the context of the problem

Question 2

object class (class)

Answer 2

• group of similar objects (e.g. groups of students; all are the same, but have difference characteristics, e.g. height, gender…)

Question 3

fields

Answer 3

• the class contains these; they represent the properties and behaviors of the class. (can contain data VALUES or METHODS)

Question 4

method

Answer 4

• NAMED ALGORITHM that manipulates the DATA VALUES in the OBJECT

Question 5

encapsulation (2 definitions)

Answer 5

• IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS of a class are kept HIDDEN from the user»_space; get information (e.g. getName, getEmailAddress)
• language feature that enforces INFORMATION HIDING

Question 6

compiler

Answer 6

• programs that TRANSLATE programs written in HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGE into MACHINE CODE

Question 7

interpreter

Answer 7

• program that TRANSLATES and EXECUTES the statements in SEQUENCES (vs. assembler & compiler which produces machine code as output; interpreter translates statement then IMMEDIATELY executes it)

Question 8

bytecode

Answer 8

• STANDARD MACHINE LANGUAGE for Java

Question 9

Boolean expression

Answer 9

• returns TRUE or FALSE

Question 10

strong typing

Answer 10

• each VARIABLE is assigned a TYPE, only variables of that TYPE can be stored in the variable

Question 11

data type

Answer 11

• description set of VALUES and OPERATIONS that can be applied to values of that type. (e.g. int, range of values depends on how much memory is assigned; operations: + - / *…)

Question 12

declaration

Answer 12

• associates IDENTIFIER with VARIABLE/action something else

Question 13

reserved word

Answer 13

• word in a language that has a special meaning; cannot be used as identifier (e.g. int, double)

Question 14

case sensitive

Answer 14

• capitals and lowercase are considered different words (C++, Java, Python)

Question 15

control structure

Answer 15

• instruction that controls the ORDER in which other INSTRUCTIONS are EXECUTED

Question 16

asynchronous

Answer 16

• NOT occurring at the SAME TIME as computer processing (e.g. mouse click); asynchronous processing = event-driven processing

Question 17

instantiate

Answer 17

• create an object from a class

Question 18

inheritance

Answer 18

• one CLASS INHERITS DATA/METHODS from another

Question 19

polymorphism

Answer 19

• programming languages ability to handle two methods of same name in an inheritance hierarchy