Chapter I : Gross Anatomy of The Brain (3)

Question 1

1. The telencephalon includes all of the following structures EXCEPT the

Answer 1

1.A. The telencephalon contains the cerebral hemispheres, which contain the cerebral cortex
and white matter, the basal ganglia (caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallid us, and amygdaloid nucleus), and the lateral ventricles. The thalamus is a part of the diencephalon.

Question 2

2. The mesencephalon includes all of the folllowing structures EXCEPT the

Answer 2

2-D. The mesencephalon (or midbrain) l11cludell the cerebral peduncles, the superior and inferior colliculi, the oculomotor nervell, and the ct!rebral aqueduct. The pineal body (epiphysis cerebri) is a part of the epithalamus.

Question 3

3. The frontal lobe includes all of the following areas EXCEPT the

Answer 3

3-A. The frontal lobe includt!s the motor strip, which is the precentral gyrus (area 4), and the Broca speech area in the dominant hemhlpht!re (areas 44 and 45); The frontal eye field (area 8) lies in the middle frontal gyrus. The Wernicke speech area (area 22) lies in the posterior part of the superior temporal gyrus of the temporal lobe.

Question 4

4. All of the following statements concerning the cerebellum are correct EXCEPT

Answer 4

4-B. The cerebellum is found -below the tentorium cerebelli in the posterior cranial fossa. It has three lobes: anterior, posterior, and flocculonodular. It has a tonsil that rests on the foramen magnum. It is not a part of the brainstem, which includes the midbrain, pons, and medulla.

Question 5

5. The parietallobe contains all of the following structures EXCEPT the

Answer 5

5-D. The parietal lobe contains the sensory strip, which is the postcentral gyrus (areas 3, I, and 2), the supramarginal gyrus, and the angular gyri. the precuneus (area 7) lies on the medial aspect of the parietal lobe. The primary auditory cortex (areas 41 and 42) is found in the Heschl gyrus in the temporal lobe.

Question 6

Questions 6-10 Match the descriptions in items 6-10 with the appropriate lettered structure shown in the Tl weighted magnetic resonance image (MRI) of the coronal section of the brain.

6. Lies within the cavernous sinus

Answer 6

6-D. The carotid artery lies within the cavernous sinus, in company with eN liI, eN Iv, eNV·I, eN V·2, and eN VI.

Question 7

7. Lies within the sella turcica

Answer 7

7-E. The hypophysis (pituitary gland) is found in the hypophyseal fossa of the sella ‘turcica.

Question 8

8. Is part of the striatum

Answer 8

8-B. The caudate nucleus is part of the striatum.

Question 9

9. Is part of the limbic lobe

Answer 9

9-A. The cingulate gyrus is part of the limbic lobe.

Question 10

10. Lies within a cistern

Answer 10

10-C. The optic chiasm lies within the chiasmatic cistern.

Question 11

11. Has reciprocal connections between the hippocampal formation and the septal nuclei

Answer 11

ll-E. The fornix contains fibers from the hippocampal formation and from the septal nuclei, projects massively to the mamillary nuclei of the hypothalamus, and plays an important part in the circuit of Papez ..

Question 12

12. Largest nucleus of the diencephalon

Answer 12

12-C. The pulvinar nucleus is the largest nucleus in the diencephalon.

Question 13

13. Internal capsule

Answer 13

13-D. The posterior limb of the internal capsule lies between the lentiform nucleus and the thalamus. It contains the corticospinal tract and is perfused by the lateral striate arteries of the middie cerebral artery.

Question 14

14. Cingulate gyrus

Answer 14

14-A. The cingulate gyrus and its cingulum belong to the limbic system.

Question 15

15. Caudate nucleus

Answer 15

15-B. The caudate nucleus and the putamen comprise the striatum, a basal ganglion. In HuntinbrWll disease, maStlive JOStl of lleUl’UllS ill the head of the caudate nucleus results in hydrocephalus ex vacuo.