Chapter 9A - Chemical Reactions

Question 1

The 5 Major chemical reactions

Answer 1

Combination reaction
Decomposition reaction
Exchange reaction
Single/double Displacement reaction
Combustion reaction

Question 2

Combination reaction

Answer 2

Reaction in which a single product is produced from 2 or more reactants.

X+Y=XY

Question 3

Decomposition reactant

Answer 3

Chemical reaction in which a single reactant is converted into two or more simpler substances.

XY=X+Y

Question 4

Displacement reaction

Answer 4

Chemical reaction in which an atom or molecule displaces an atom or group of atoms from a compound.

X+YZ= Y+XZ

Question 5

Exchange reaction

Answer 5

A reaction in which 2 substances exchange parts with one another and make 2 different substances.

AX+BY= AY+BY

Thought of involving partner switching. The AX and BY partnership are disrupted and new AY and BX partnerships are newly formed in their place.

Different physical shape from that of reactants.

Question 6

Combustion Reactions

Answer 6

Reaction between a substance and oxygen (usually air) that proceeds with the evolution of heat and light ( usually a flame).

HYDROCARBONS are the most common type of compound that under goes combustion.

the hydrogen combined with oxygen in air to give water as a product. The carbon combined with oxygen of air to produce CARBON DIOXIDE.

Question 7

Hydrocarbons

Answer 7

Binary compound of carbon and hydrogen

Question 8

Oxidation-reduction chemical reaction

Answer 8

Redox

A reaction in which there is a transfer of electrons from one reactant to another.

Question 9

Nonoxidation- reduction chemical reaction

Answer 9

Nonredox

Reaction in which there is no transfer of electrons from one reactant to another.

Question 10

Oxidation number

Answer 10

Number that represents the charge that an atom appears to have when the electrons in each bond it is participating in are assigned to the more electronegative of the two atoms involved in the bond.

Question 11

Rules for determining oxidation numbers?

7 rules

Answer 11

• Oxidation number of an element in its elemental state is zero.
• oxidation number of a monatomic ion is equal to the charge on the ion.
• oxidation numbers of group 1A and 2A in compounds are always +1 and +2 respectively.
• oxidation number of hydrogen is +1 in most hydrogen-containing compounds.
• oxidation number of oxygen is -2 in most oxygen containing compounds.
• in binary molecular compounds the more electronegative element is assigned a negative oxidation number equal to its charge in binary ionic compounds.
• a compound the sum of the individual oxidation numbers is equal to zero;for a polyatomic ion the sum is equal to charge of ion.

Question 12

Oxidation

Answer 12

Process where a reactant in a reaction looses one or more electrons.

Question 13

Reduction

Answer 13

Process where a reactant in a reaction gains one or more electrons.

Question 14

Oxidation agent

Answer 14

Reactant in a redox reaction that causes oxidation of another reactant by accepting electrons from it.

Question 15

Reducing agent

Answer 15

The reactant in a redox reaction that causes reduction of another reactant by providing electrons for the other reactant to accept.

Question 16

What is a chemical reaction

Answer 16

Process in which at least 1 new substance is produced as result of chemical change.