chapter 9.2

Question 1

renaissance

Answer 1

the revival of art and literature under the influence of classical models in the 14th–16th centuries.
the culture and style of art and architecture developed during the Renaissance.
(a renaissance)
a revival of or renewed interest in something:

Question 2

milan

Answer 2

an industrial city in northwestern Italy, the capital of Lombardy region; pop. 1,295,705 (2008). A powerful city, particularly from the 13th to the 15th centuries, Milan is today a leading financial and commercial center. Italian name Milano.

Question 3

venice

Answer 3

a city in northeastern Italy, on a lagoon of the Adriatic Sea, capital of Venetia region; pop. 270,098 (2008). It is built on numerous islands that are separated by canals and linked by bridges. Italian name Venezia.

Question 4

florence

Answer 4

a city in western central Italy, the capital of Tuscany, on the Arno River; pop. 365,659 (2008). Florence was a leading center of the Italian Renaissance, especially under the rule of the Medici family during the 15th century. Italian name Firenze.

Question 5

rome

Answer 5

the capital of Italy, situated in the west central part of the country, on the Tiber River, about 16 miles (25 km) inland; pop. 2,724,347 (2008). According to tradition, the ancient city was founded by Romulus (after whom it is named) in 753 bc on the Palatine Hill; as it grew it spread to the other six hills of Rome (Aventine, Caelian, Capitoline, Esquiline, and Quirinal). Rome was made capital of a unified Italy in 1871. Italian name Roma.

Question 6

medici family

Answer 6

The House of Medici was an Italian banking family, political dynasty and later royal house that first began to gather prominence under Cosimo de’ Medici in the Republic of Florence during the late 14th century. The family originated in the Mugello region of the Tuscan countryside, gradually rising until they were able to fund the Medici Bank

Question 7

humanism

Answer 7

any system or mode of thought or action in which human interests, values, and dignity predominate

Question 8

machiavelli

Answer 8

Niccolò di Bernardo [neek-kaw-law dee ber-nahr-daw] (Show IPA), 1469–1527, Italian statesman, political philosopher, and author.

Question 9

perspective

Answer 9

n
1.
a technique of depicting volumes and spatial relationships on a flat surface.
Compare aerial perspective, linear perspective.

Question 10

gutenberg

Answer 10

Johannes [yoh-hahn-uh s] (Show IPA), (Johann Gensfleisch) c1400–68, German printer: credited with invention of printing from movable type.

Question 11

erasmus

Answer 11

Desiderius [des-i-deer-ee-uh s] (Show IPA), 1466?–1536, Dutch humanist, scholar, theologian, and writer.

Question 12

william shakespeare

Answer 12

William (“the Bard”; “the Bard of Avon”) 1564–1616, English poet and dramatist.

Question 13

sir thomas more

Answer 13

Sir Thomas, 1478–1535, English humanist, statesman, and author: canonized in 1935.

Question 14

flemish

Answer 14

of or relating to Flanders, its people, or their language.

Question 15

michelangelo

Answer 15

(Michelangelo Buonarroti) 1475–1564, Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet.

Question 16

john van eyck

Answer 16

before c. 1390 – 9 July 1441) was an Early Netherlandish painter active in Bruges and one of the most significant Northern Renaissance artists of the 15th century. Little is known of his early life. The few surviving records indicate that he was born c. 1380–90, most likely in Maaseik. He took employment as painter and Valet de chambre with John of Bavaria-Straubing, ruler of Holland, in the Hague around 1422, when he was already a master painter with workshop assistants. After John’s death in 1425 he was employed as court painter to Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, in Lille, where he remained until 1429 after which he moved to Bruges, working for Philip until his death there in 1441. It is known that he was highly regarded by Philip, and undertook a number of diplomatic visits abroad on his behalf, including to Lisbon in 1428 to arrange the Duke’s marriage contract with Isabella of Portugal.

Question 17

albert durer

Answer 17

(Biography) Albrecht (ˈalbrɛçt). 1471–1528, German painter and engraver, regarded as the greatest artist of the German Renaissance and noted particularly as a draughtsman and for his copper engravings and woodcuts

Question 18

fresco

Answer 18

Also called buon fresco, true fresco. the art or technique of painting on a moist, plaster surface with colors ground up in water or a limewater mixture.
Compare fresco secco.

Question 19

indulgences

Answer 19

the act or practice of indulging; gratification of desire.

Question 20

predestination

Answer 20

an act of predestinating or predestining.

Question 21

reformation

Answer 21

the act of reforming; state of being reformed.

Question 22

martin luther

Answer 22

Martin [mahr-tn;; German mahr-teen] (Show IPA), 1483–1546, German theologian and author: leader, in Germany, of the Protestant Reformation.

Question 23

henry 8

Answer 23

Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 21 April 1509 until his death. He was the first English King of Ireland, and continued the nominal claim by English monarchs to the Kingdom of France. Henry was the second Tudor monarch, succeeding his father, Henry VII.

Question 24

john calvin

Answer 24

John (Jean Chauvin or Caulvin) 1509–64, French theologian and reformer in Switzerland: leader in the Protestant Reformation.

Question 25

hugvenots

Answer 25

A Huguenot is a member of a French Protestant denomination with origins in the 16th or 17th centuries. Historically, Huguenots were French Protestants inspired by the writings of John Calvin in the 1530s, who became known by that originally derisive designation by the end of the 16th century. The majority of Huguenots endorsed the Reformed tradition of Protestantism.