Chapter 9: Thermochemistry Flashcards
Energy
Anything that has the capacity to do work
Work
Force acting over a distance
Heat
The flow of energy caused by a difference in temperature
Kinetic Energy
Energy of motion, or energy that is being transferred.
Thermal Energy
The energy that is associated with temperature
Potential Energy
The energy that is stored in an object, or energy associated with the composition and position of the object.
Forms of energy
Electrical: associated with the flow of electrical charge
Heat/thermal: associated with molecular motion
light/radiant: associated with energy transitions in an atom
Forms of energy (potential)
Nuclear: Energy in the nucleus of an atom
Chemical: energy due to the structure of atoms.
Thermodynamics
The study of energy and its interconversions
System
Part of the universe that is being studied
Surroundings
everything else in the universe with which the system can exchange energy
Exothermic
Energy that flows from the system to the surroundings. (In and Out)
Endothermic
Energy that flows into the system from the surroundings (Out and In)
Internal Energy
Sum of Kinetic energy and potential energies of all the particles that compose the system
State Function
a mathematical function whose result only depends on the initial and final conditions.
