Chapter 9 - The P Wave

Question 0

The P wave represents depolarization of the ____.

Answer 0

Atria

Question 1

The P wave is the ______ wave in the complex.

Answer 1

First

Question 2

The electrical impulse travels from the ___ node, through the atria, to the ___ node.

Answer 2

SA, AV

Question 3

The P wave is usually upright in which leads.

Answer 3

I, II, V4, V5, V6

Question 4

The P wave is usually negative in which lead.

Answer 4

AVR

Question 5

What is a compensatory pause?

Answer 5

A pause where the SA node is not reset, and so fires its next beat on schedule.

Question 6

What is a non-compensatory pause?

Answer 6

A pause where the SA node is reset, and so the next beat arrives earlier than normal schedule.

Question 7

Are most APCs compensatory or non-compensatory?

Answer 7

Non compensatory.

Question 8

P-mitrale is associated with ____ atrial enlargement.

Answer 8

Left

Question 9

The width of the notched P wave in P-mitrale must be at least ___ seconds.

Answer 9

0.12

Question 10

Are P-mitrales commonly found in ECGs?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

The notching of the P wave in P-mitrale is due to slower conduction through the ___ atrium.

Answer 11

Left

Question 12

P-pulmonale is a sign of ____ atrial enlargement.

Answer 12

Right

Question 13

The P wave in P-pulmonale must be at least ___ mm high.

Answer 13

2.5

Question 14

In which leads is P-pulmonale found?

Answer 14

Limb leads

Question 15

In which leads is P-pulmonale best seen?

Answer 15

II and III

Question 16

Biphasic P waves in which lead are consistent with an intraatrial conduction delay?

Answer 16

V1

Question 17

When the first half of the P wave in V1 is ____ than the first half of the P wave in V6, right atrial enlargement is likely.

Answer 17

greater

Question 18

If the product of the height times the width of the last half of the P wave is greater than or equal to ___, the probability of LAE is over 95%

Answer 18

0.3

Question 19

All biphasic P waves in V1 are examples of ____.

Answer 19

Intraatrial conduction delay

Question 20

Biphasic P waves in lead I which do not quite meet LAE or RAE criteria can be labelled as _____.

Answer 20

IACD

Question 21

In LAE, the product of width x depth must be above ____.

Answer 21

0.3

Question 22

____ enlargement occurs when you have evidence of both left and right atrial enlargement.

Answer 22

Biatrial

Question 23

The P wave represents:

a) atrial repolarization
b) atrial depolarization
c) ventricular repolarization
d) ventricular depolarization
e) none of the above

Answer 23

b) atrial depolarization

Question 24

True/False: In any one lead, the morphology of the P waves will vary depending on the location of the area acting as the pacemaker.

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Which of the following is consistent with LAE:

a) P-pulmonale
b) The second half of a biphasic P wave in V1 is wider and deeper than one small block
c) Both A and B are correct
d) None of the above

Answer 25

b) The second half of a biphasic P wave in V1 is wider and deeper than one small block

Question 26

Which of the following is consistent with RAE:

a) P-pulmonale
b) The first half of a biphasic P wave in V1 is wider and deeper than one small block
c) Both A and B are correct
d) None of the above

Answer 26

a) P-pulmonale

Question 27

P waves are normally positive in leads:

a) I
b) II
c) V4 to V6
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

Answer 27

D) all of the above

Question 28

Criteria for P-mitrale include:

a) P wave >= 0.12 seconds
b) Notching is present
c) The space between the two humps of the notch must be >= 0.04 seconds
d) all of the above
e) none of the above

Answer 28

D) all of the above