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Physical Geography > Chapter 9- The Hydrosphere > Flashcards

Chapter 9- The Hydrosphere Flashcards

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1
Q

What is salinity

A

Measure of the concentration of dissolved salts

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2
Q

Why is there higher salinity in the tropics

A

High evaporation rates

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3
Q

What is the thermohaline circulation?

A

Deep water circulation because of differences in water density that arise from differences in salinity and temperature

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4
Q

what is the global conveyor belt circulation

A

The combination of thermohaline and influences from surface ocean currents

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5
Q

What is ocean acidification?

A

The increased acidity of the ocean due to large amounts of carbon dioxide

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6
Q

What are tides?

A

Bulges in the sea surface

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7
Q

How are tides formed?

A

Gravity from the moon and sun

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8
Q

What is the length of a tidal cycle?

A

12 and a half hours

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9
Q

What is a perigee?

A

When moon is closest to earth

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10
Q

What is apogee?

A

Moon is furthest from the earth

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11
Q

effects of perigee and apogee?

A

P- higher tides

A- lower tides

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12
Q

What is spring tide?

A

Moon sun and earth in a line. Highest tides

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13
Q

What is neap tide?

A

Moon sun and earth form right angle. The lowest high tides

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14
Q

What are the four types of oceanic ice?

A

Ice pack
Ice shelf
Ice floe
Iceberg

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15
Q

What is permafrost?

A

Permanently frozen subsoil

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16
Q

Why is permafrost melting bad?

A

Destabilizing of ground

17
Q

Three ways of lake formation?

A

Glacial retreat
Tectonic spread
Sinkhole collapse

18
Q

3 ways humans alter lakes

A

Stream diversions
Irrigation Arab sea
Diversion plus drought lake chad

19
Q

Name major groundwater zones

A 
Zone of aeration
Zone of saturation
Zone of confined water
     Aquifers
Waterless Zone
20
Q

What is groundwater mining?

A

Accumulation of groundwater like mining

21
Q

How is Ogallala Aquifer an example of groundwater mining?

A

Largest groundwater reservoir

Physical Geography (4 decks)

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