Chapter 9 Receptors Flashcards
Meissner’s Corpuscles
concentrated in the finger tips, palms, tongue, nipples, penis, and clitoris
Merkel’s Discks
type of mechanoreceptor
Pacinian Corpuscles
type of pressure receptor; onion-shaped sense organsin the dermis
Ruffini’s Endings
another type of pressure receptor encapsulated by sheaths of connective tissue contain lacy networks of nerve fibers
Krause End Bulbs
type of pressure receptor; cutaneous receptors
Proprioreceptors
sense of position
Taste Buds
line walls of the papillae
Olfactory cells
superior to nasal cavity; for smelling
Sty
Inflammation in one of the eye sebaceous gland
Conjunctiva
Prevents tears into orbits
Myasthenia Gravis
a muscle weakness due to an inability to respond to acetychloine
Lacrimal Apparatus
Consists of lacrimal gland and the lacrimal sac with it’s ducts
Sclera
the outer sclera is white, fibrous layer except for the transparent cornea
Cornea
window of the eye
Choroid
midle, thin dark brown layer, absorbs stray light rays
Ciliary Muscle
Choroid thickens and forms the ring-shaped ciliary body which controls shape of lens for near and far vision
Iris
regulates size of pupil when choroid contracts or retracts
Pupil
where light enters
Lens
attached to ciliary body by ligaments which divides the cavity of eye into two separate smaller cavities
Vitreous Humor
fills posterior cavity behind lens, a gelatinous material
Aqueous Humor
fills anterior cavity between cornea and the lens
Glaucoma
when the drainage ducts are blocked and aqueous humor builds up
retina
has 3 layers of cells
rods
for black and white vision (located in fovea centrailis)
cones
for color vision (located in fovea centrailis)
optic nerve
inside innermost layer is the ganglionic cells whose fibers make it up
blind spot
where vision is impossible known as optic disk
Macula lutea
contained in the retina
Fovea centrailis
where vision is most acute because of great concentration of cone cells
Rhodopsin
molecule that contains the protein opsin and the pigment retinal
color blindness
extremely rare where a particular type of cone is lacking or deficient in number
stereoscopic vision
data pooled by both eyes
accomidation
lens rounds up when we view close objects
cataract
occurs when lens becomes opaque/proteins oxidize
pinna
inside external ear which collects sound waves
auditory canal
filters air
ceruminous glands
in the upper wall of the ear, secretes earwax
tympanic membrane
eardrum
oval and round window
small openings in the middle ear
eustachian tubes
(auditory tubes) extends from the middle ear to nasophyrnx and permits equalization of air pressure
otitis media
infections of the middle ear
myringotomy
incision of eardrum followed by tiny tube inserted
semicircular canals
helps maintain balance (dynamic equilibrium)
ampulla
the base of each canal
vastibule
a chamber that lies between semicircular canals and cochlea
utricle
a sac inside the vestibule
otoliths
calcium carbonate granules rest on this gelatinous material
cochlea
transmits pressure waves that cause the organ of corti to generate nerve impulses to brain resulting in hearing
organ of corti
sends nerve impulses to brain where they are interpreted as sound
dynamic equilibrium
requires a knowledge of angular and/or rotational movement
static equilibrium
requires a knowledge of movement in one place either vertical or horizontal
prebycusis
age-related hearing loss
where chemoreceptors are found
`nose and mouth
where photoreceptors are found
eyes
where receptors for touch found
merkel’s disk
colored part of eye
iris
where are receptors for hearing and balance found
inner ear
order of what ossicles vibrate in sequence
mallus(hammer), incus(anvil), stapes(stirrup)
3 eye disorders
glaucoma, cataracts, macular degeneration
where is the cochlea found
inner ear
location of bitter taste
back
location of sweet taste
front
location of salty taste
sides
location of sour taste
front and sides
eyelid
conjunctiva lines its inner surface
inferior oblique
rotates eye clockwise
lacrimal gland
secretes tears
lacrimal sac
drains tear into nose
lateral rectus
turn eye outward
medial rectus
turns eye inward
orbit
consists of seven skull bones
superior rectus
rolls eye upward
order of which light passes through structures of brain
1 cornea, 2 aqueous humor, 3 lens, 4 vitreous humor, 5 retina
auditory tube
extends from middle ear to nasopharynx
cochlea
contains receptors for hearing
incus
middle ear bone
pinna
external ear flap
round window
opening covered with a membrane
semicircular canals
contribute to the sense of dynamic equilibrium
order of signal transmission
1 pinna, 2 external auditory canal, 3 tympanic membrane, 4 malleus, 5 incus, 6 stapes, 7 oval window, 8 organ of corti in cochlea
what composes organ of corti
cochlea
