CHAPTER 9 - Perceiving Colour Flashcards
Describe the case of Mr. I. What does it illustrate about colour perception?
What are the various functions of colour vision?
What physical characteristic of light is most closely associated with colour perception? How is this demonstrated by differences in reflection and transmission of light of different objects?
Describe subtractive and additive colour mixing. How can the results of these two types of colours mixing be related to the wavelengths that are reflected into an observer’s eyes?
What are spectral colours? Nonspectral colours? How many different colours can humans discriminate?
What are hue, saturation, and value? Describe how the Munsell colour system represents different properties of colour
What did Thomas Young say was wrong with Newton’s idea that colour is created by vibrations?
How did Young explain colour vision? Why is his explanation called the Young-Helmholtz theory?
Describe Maxwell’s colour matching experiments. How did the results support the trichromacy of vision?
What is the connection between trichromacy and the cone receptors and pigments?
What is metamerism? How is it related to the results of colour matching experiments?
What is monochromacy? How does a monochromat match lights in a colour matching experiment? Does a monochromat perceive chromatic colour?
What is the principle of univariance? How does the principle of univariance explain the fact that a monochromat can match any wavelength in the spectrum by adjusting the intensity of any other wavelength?
Describe how pigment absorption spectra can explain how wavelength can be determined if there are only two receptor types
How would colour matching results differ for a person with two types of cone receptors, compared to three?
What is dichromacy? What procedure was used to determine how a dichromat’s colour vision compared to a trichromat’s?
What are the three types of dichromacy?
What did Hering’s opponent-process theory propose?
What was Hering’s phenomenological evidence for opponent-process theory?
Why wasn’t Hering’s theory widely accepted?
Describe Hurvich and Jameson’s hue cancellation experiments. How was the result used to support opponent-process theory?
What is the physiological evidence for opponency?
What are unique hues?
Describe the modern hue scaling experiments that used colours other than red, green, blue, and yellow as the “primaries.” What are the implications of these results?
Has it been possible to establish a connection between the firing of opponent neurons and our perception of specific colours?
What functions have been suggested for opponent neurons, in addition to their role in colour perceptino?
Where is colour represented in the cortex? How are the colour areas related to areas for face and place processing?
