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PHT105 > Chapter 9- Nutrition > Flashcards

Chapter 9- Nutrition Flashcards

1
Q

A chronic disease that develops over years as a result of a deficiency in total caloric intake is called

A

marasmus

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2
Q

LDL (low-desnsity lipoproteins) levels can be decreased by

A

both exercise and increased water

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3
Q

Vitamin B1 is also called

A

thiamin

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4
Q

Excessive consumption of carbohydrates may lead to

A

obesity

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5
Q

Protein is needed for the formation of

A

all of these

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6
Q

A water-soluble vitamin essential for cell growth and the reproduction of red blood cells

A

folic acid

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7
Q

a substance composed of lipids or fatty acids that occurs in various forms

A

fat

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8
Q

compound that dissociates into ions when dissolved in water

A

electrolyte

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9
Q

an alkaline earth metal element that is required for transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction, blood coagulation, cardiac functions, and other processes

A

calcium

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10
Q

a common metallic element essential for the synthesis of hemoglobin

A

iron

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11
Q

the only one of six essential nutrients containing nitrogen

A

protein

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12
Q

an inorganic substance occurring naturally in the earth’s crust

A

mineral

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13
Q

a simple fat compound consisting of three molecules of fatty acid and glycerol

A

triglycerides

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14
Q

The nutrient providing the main source of energy in the average diet

A

carbohydrate

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15
Q

a water-soluble vitamin that is the common pharmaceutical form of vitamin B12

A

cyanocobalamin

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16
Q

a waxy lipid found only in animal tissues; a member of a group of lipids called sterols

A

cholesterol

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17
Q

an organic substance necessary for life although it does not independently provide energy

A

vitamin

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18
Q

the sum of the processes involved in the taking in of nutrients and their assimilation and use for proper body functioning and maintenance of health

A

nutrition

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19
Q

Current dietary goals in the united states recommend that carbohydrates constitute what percentage of total calories consumed

A

55 to 60 percent

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20
Q

Parenteral nutrition should be undertaken within

A

1 to 3 days

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21
Q

Copper accumulation in the liver may cause

A

wilson’s disease

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22
Q

which vitamin is important for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus

A

vitamin d

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23
Q

hypermagnesemia is usually caused by

A

renal insufficiency

24
Q

Which of the following nutrients provides the most energy for the body

A

carbohydrates

25
Q

the types of lipids found in the body includes all of the following except

A

lipase

26
Q

cholesterol is primarily produced in what organ

A

liver

27
Q

carbohydrates that are not immediately used by the body are stored as

A

glycogen

28
Q

Vitamin b3 is also called

A

niacin

29
Q

which vitamin is also called cyanocobalamin

A

b12

30
Q

amino acids that must be derived from dietary sources and cannot be synthesized by the body are called

A

essential amino acids

31
Q

which vitamin is essential for skeletal growth, reproduction, and visual acuity

A

retinol

32
Q

also called niacin

A

vitamin b3

33
Q

also called pyridoxine

A

vitamin b6

34
Q

also called retinal

A

vitamin a

35
Q

also called folacin

A

vitamin b9

36
Q

also called calciferol

A

vitamin d

37
Q

also called cyanocobalamin

A

vitamin b12

38
Q

also called ascorbic acid

A

vitamin c

39
Q

also called tocopheral

A

vitamin e

40
Q

also called thiamin

A

vitamin b1

41
Q

also called phlloquinone

A

vitamin k1

42
Q

it is recommended to limit fat intake to what percentage of total calories consumed?

A

30 percent

43
Q

good cholesterol is known as

A

HDL

44
Q

The lipoprotein that transports cholesterol from the body to the liver for metabolism, considered the “good cholesterol”, is

A

HDL (high-density lipoproteins

45
Q

Which vitamin is given to patients with hemorrhage disorders

A

vitamin k

46
Q

excessive amount of which minerals in drinking water may result in discoloration of the teeth

A

fluride

47
Q

which vitamin is converted from cholesterol in the skin by ultraviolet light

A

vitamin d

48
Q

Which nutrient provide the most concentrated source of calories (9kcal per gram)

A

lipids

49
Q

proteins are complex nitrogenous compounds that are composed of large combinations of

A

amino acids

50
Q

the recommended daily requirement of protein is

A

0.8 gram per kilogram of body weight

51
Q

iodine is an essential micronutrient for which of the following hormones

A

thryroxine

52
Q

which of the following statements about calcium is false

A

it is required for the elimination of urine

53
Q

how many amino acids have been identified as vital for proper growth development, and maintenance of health

A

22

54
Q

which vitamins are least likely to cause abverse effects when taken in overdose

A

vitamin b complex

55
Q

water-soluble vitamins include

A

vitamin c

PHT105 (6 decks)

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