Chapter 9: Neurons and Action Potentials

Question 1

CNS (central)

Answer 1

1. ) Brain and Spinal cord
2. ) Receives Sensory info - afferent
3. ) Sends Motor Info - efferent

Question 2

PNS (peripheral)

Answer 2

1. ) Nerves
2. ) Take sensory information to CNS
3. ) Take motor information to organs (including muscle)

Question 3

Voluntary Nervous System

Answer 3

Includes CNS and PNS and can be voluntarily controlled (skeletal muscle control)

Question 4

Involuntary Nervous System

Answer 4

Includes CNS and PNS involuntary control through the autonomic nervous system (ANS): sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 5

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 5

(Oligo=few): form myelin sheaths in brain and spinal cord (CNS)

Question 6

Astrocytes

Answer 6

1. ) Protoplasmic astrocytes: cover brain surfaces, from blood-brain-barrier, regulate cerebrospinal fluid composition.
2. ) Fibrous astrocytes: form supportive framework in CNS.

Question 7

Ependymal cells

Answer 7

found only in CNS, line brain cavities and secrete and circulate cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 8

Schwann cells

Answer 8

found only in PNS, form myelin sheath around most PNS axons

Question 9

Microglia

Answer 9

found only in CNS, developmentally related to immune tissue, phagocytize and destroy microorganisms, foreign matter, and dead nervous tissue.

Question 10

Hypernatremia

Answer 10

↑ [Na+]

Above 155

Question 11

Hyponatremia

Answer 11

↓ [Na+]

Less then 155

Question 12

Hyperkalemia

Answer 12

↑ [K+]

Higher then 4

Question 13

Hypokalemia

Answer 13

↓ [K+]

Lower then 4