Chapter 9 - Molecular Geometry & Bonding Theories Flashcards
-Be able to describe the 3D shapes of molecules using the VSEPR model -Determine whether a molecule is polar or nonpolar based on its geometry & the individual bond dipole moments -Be able to identify the hybridization state of atoms in molecules -Be able to sketch how orbitals overlap to form sigma & pi bonds -Be able to explain the concept of bonding and antibonding orbitals -Be able to draw molecular orbital energy-level diagrams & place electrons into them to obtain the bond orders & el
The __ and __ of a molecule of a particular substance, together with the __ and __ of its bonds, largely determine the properties of that substance.
Shape, size
Strength, polarity
9.1
The overall shape of a molecule is determined by its ____
Bond angles
9.1
Define “bond angles”.
Angles made by the lines joining the nuclei of the atoms in the molecule.
9.1
The ___ of a molecule, together with the ___, accurately define the shape and size of the molecule.
Bond angles, bond lengths
9.1
Define the “valence-shell electron-pair repulsion (VSEPR) model”.
A model that accounts for the geometric arrangements of shared & unshared electron pairs around a central atom in terms of the repulsions between electron pairs.
9.1 - Give It Some Thought (p. 344)
One of the common shapes for AB4 molecules is square planar: All 5 atoms lie in the same plane, the B atoms lie at the corners of a square, and the A atom is at the center of the square. Which of the shapes in Figure 9.3 could lead to a square-planar geometry upon the removal of 1+ atoms?
Octahedral by removing 2 atoms that’re opposite each other.
6.1
What are the five basic geometric structures and their angles?
Linear (180), Trigonal Planar (120), Tetrahedral (109.5), Trigonal Bipyramidal (90 between axial + equatorial, 120 with equatorial + equatorial), Octahedral (90)
