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Microbiology > Chapter 9 Microbial genetics > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Microbial genetics Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is a nucleotide? what are the 4 types of nucleotides specific to DNA?

A

nucleotide:
4 types of nucleotides: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine

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2
Q

what are the 4 types of nucleotides specific to RNA?

A
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3
Q

what bonds form the “backbone” of DNA?

A

Deoxyribose-phosphate connected by phosphodiester bonds

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4
Q

what bonds form the “rungs” of DNA?

A
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5
Q

what is meant by antiparallel orientation?

A
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6
Q

What is DNA replication?

A

DNA is copied by DNA POLYMERASE III (enzyme)

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7
Q

Describe DNA replication

A
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8
Q

why does DNA replication occur at two replication forks or is “bidirectional” in prokaryotic cells?

A
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9
Q

what is considered ‘semi-conservative?

A
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10
Q

what is meant 5’ to3’ polymerization?

A
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11
Q

what are the roles of DNA helicase, Primase, DNA polymerase III, DNA polymerase I, DNA ligase?

A
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12
Q

Continuous replication
How does it relate to leading and lagging strands?

A
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13
Q

discontinuous replication
How does it relate to leading and lagging strands?

A
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14
Q

how and where do Ozazaki fragments form?

A
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15
Q

Identify and describe the role for each of the three types of RNA

A
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16
Q

what is meant by code, codon, anticodon?

A
17
Q

how are transcription and translation different?

A
18
Q

the genetic code is degenerate, what does this mean?

A
19
Q

what is conjugation? how does it iccur?

A
20
Q

what is F+ (fertility) plasmid?

A
21
Q

how are conjugation pilus and a conjugation bridge used?

A
22
Q

what excatly is “F factor”?

A
23
Q

what is Transformation? how does it occur?

A
24
Q

Griffith’s experiment

A
25
Q

what is meant by “competent” cells?

A
26
Q

what is Transduction? how does it occur?

A

Microbiology (1 decks)

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