Chapter 9: Memory Flashcards
Flashbulb memories
Clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
Memory
The persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information
Encoding
The processing of information into the memory system
Storage
The retention of encoding information overtime
Retrieval
The process of getting info out of memory storage
Short term memory
Activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing
Long term memory
The relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills and experiences.
Working memory
Newer understanding of short term memory that involves conscious, active processing if incoming auditory and visual spatial info and info retrieved from long term memory
Automatic processing
Unconscious encoding of identical info such as space, time, freq, well learned info such as word meanings
Effortful processing
Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
Rehearsal
Conscious repetition of info, either to maintain in consciousness or encode it for storage
Spacing effect
The tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long term retention than is achieved through mass study
Serial position effect
Our tendency to recall best the last and first items on list
Visual encoding
The encoding of picture images
Acoustic encoding
The encoding of sound, especially the sound of words
