Chapter 9 Maternal and Fetal Nutrition VOCAB

Question 1

Anthropometric (body) measurements

Answer 1

Methods of measuring the human body as to height, weight, and size of component parts, including skinfold thickness, to study and compare the relative proportions under normal and abnormal conditions.

Question 2

Body mass index (BMI)

Answer 2

A method of evaluating the appropriateness of weight for height, calculated by the following formula: BMI = Weight ÷Height2

Question 3

Complete protein foods

Answer 3

Food containing all the essential amino acids.

Question 4

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)

Answer 4

A label for several terms that estimate nutrient needs; includes recommended dietary allowance, adequate intake, tolerable upper intake level, and estimated average requirement.

Question 5

Essential amino acids

Answer 5

Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by the body and must be obtained from foods.

Question 6

Heme iron

Answer 6

Iron obtained from meat, poultry, or fish sources; the form most usable by the body.

Question 7

Kilocalories (kcal)

Answer 7

A unit of heat used to show the energy value in foods, commonly called a calorie.

Question 8

Lactose intolerance

Answer 8

Inability to digest most dairy products because of a deficiency in the enzyme lactas

Question 9

Physiologic anemia of pregnancy

Answer 9

Decrease in hemoglobin and hematocrit values caused by dilution of erythrocytes by expanded plasma volume rather than by an actual decrease in erythrocytes or hemoglobin.

Question 10

Pica

Answer 10

The practice of consuming nonfood substances (e.g., clay, dirt, and laundry starch) or excessive amounts of foodstuffs low in nutritional value (e.g., cornstarch, ice or freezer frost, baking powder, or baking soda), is often influenced by the woman’s cultural background.

Question 11

Pyrosis

Answer 11

A burning sensation in the epigastric and sternal region due to stomach acid; also known as heartburn or “acid indigestion”.

Question 12

Vegan

Answer 12

A complete vegetarian who does not eat any animal products.

Question 13

Vegetarian

Answer 13

An individual whose diet consists wholly or mostly of plant foods and who avoids animal food sources.

Question 14

Lacto-vegetarian

Answer 14

A vegetarian whose diet includes dairy.

Question 15

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)

Answer 15

Failure of a fetus to grow as expected for gestational age.