Chapter 9 - Materials And Resources Flashcards
What is cradle to cradle?
A term applied to a product in a new use can be applied to it after the end of its first useful life, diverting it from a landfill.
What is chain of custody?
A number issued by the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC), assigned to each order of certified wood purchased by a consumer.
What is cradle to cradle certified (C2C)?
A product certification program for assessing and constantly improving products by requiring ingredients to be disclosed to an independent, accredited C2C assessor. c2C rewards achievement in five categories: material health, material reutilization, renewable energy and carbon management, water stewardship, and social fairness. There are five C2C levels: basic, bronze, silver, gold and platinum.
What is cradle to gate?
A term describing the system of boundaries of an environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) that covers all activities from the beginning of its production (I.e. The extraction of raw materials, agricultural activities, and forestry) up to the factory gate.
What is cradle to grave?
A term applied to a product if it’s lifetime is limited to one application or use, ending in the landfill.
What is deconstruction?
The systematic disassembly of building structures to salvage materials for reuse.
What is disclosure?
The revealing of product or material information to a person or group for the use of making informed decisions.
What is environmental product declaration (EPD)?
A standardized, internationally recognized, comprehensive tool for providing information on a products environmental impact, based on an ISO compliant life cycle assessment (LCA) and can be verified by a third party. Tis includes a detailed analysis that considers all processes in the life cycle of the product such as raw material extraction and refining, energy use and efficiency during manufacture, transportation methods, And end of service life recycling.
What is the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)?
A third party certification body that certifies wood is cut from sustainable managed forest.
What is GreenScreen?
A hazard assessment method that evaluates individual chemicals. Chemicals are assigned to one of four main categories. Benchmark 1 is for chemicals substances known to be associated with certain health problems and are of the highest concern where Benchmark 4 is for chemicals with the lowest concern.
What is a health product declaration (HPD)?
An open standard for reporting product ingredients and their associated health hazards. An HPD is several pages long, with a one page summary listing company information , metadata about the report, and ingredients, and continuing on subsequent pages with more detail about individual ingredients and their associated health hazards, plus details on any certification and associated materials.
What is a life cycle approach?
A method of looking at a project from the perspective of its entire life cycle not just its useful application by assessing supply chains, efficiency, pay back, environmental impact, and recyclability.
What is a life cycle assessment (LCA)?
An assessment of the environmental impacts associated with a material or product throughout its life cycle. Another type of LCA can be applied to the materials and systems that constitute an entire building over its entire life cycle.
What is life cycle costing (LCC)?
An analytic tool used to determine the most cost effective option among competing alternatives based on the cost of the options throughout their life cycles.
Ethan is materials reuse?
The reuse of materials whose lifetime has been extended to be used in the same purpose for which they were designed.
