Chapter 9 - Managing Software Flashcards
What utility is used to manage software on RHEL8?
yum or yellowdog updater modified
How does a repository help to keep the system current?
The maintainer of the repository publishes updated packages in the repository, and the result is that whenever you use the yum command (discussed later in this chapter) to install software, the most recent version of the software is automatically used.
After getting a valid subscription to RHEL, which tool should you use to manage your entitlement?
Red Hat Subscription Management tool
What are the basic tasks involved in managing the entitlement?
- Register
- Subscribe
- Enable Repositories
- Review and track
Which tool is used for managing subscriptions?
subscription-manager tool
How can you use the subscription-manager tool?
- Register a system
- List available subscriptions
- Automatically attach a subscription
- Get an overview
- Unregister
After registering and attaching a subscription where are the entitlement certificates written to?
/etc/pki
Where are the certificates stored which indicate what redhat products are installed in the system?
/etc/pki/product
Where are the certificates are stored that identify the Red Hat account to which the system is registered?
/etc/pki/consumer
Which directory contains information about the subscriptions that are attached to this system?
/etc/pki/entitlement
How to tell the server about which repository to use?
To tell your server which repository to use, you need to create a file with a name that ends in .repo in the directory /etc/yum.repos.d. In that file you need the following contents:
■ [label] The .repo file can contain different repositories, each section starting
with a label that identifies the specific repository.
■ name= Use this to specify the name of the repository you want to use.
■ baseurl= Contains the URL that points to the specific repository location.
What is done to maintain the security of the packages in the repository?
To secure packages in a repository, these packages are often signed with a GPG key. This makes it possible to check whether packages have been changed since the owner of the repository provided them.
Which command is used to create a repository of your own?
createrepo
Which directory contains the repository list?
a file that ends with .repo in /etc/yum.repos.d
Which command helps you search the yum repository using a string?
yum search command
Example: yum search user
How does the yum search command work?
When you use yum search, it first gets in touch with the online repositories (which might take a minute), after which it downloads the most recent repository metadata to the local machine. Then, yum search looks in the package name and description for the string you have been looking for
What is the disadvantage of the yum search command?
The yum search command looks in the package name and summary only, it often does not show what you need. You often need to look for packages
containing a specific file.
Alternative is “yum whatprovides” command or “yum
provides” command
write command using yum to find the package containing the file semanage ?
yum whatprovides */semanage
yum provides */semanage
What yum command to use to find more information about a package?
yum info command
Example : yum info nmap
What is the command to install and remove yum packages?
yum install and yum remove
Example: yum install
Example: yum remove
Which yum command to use to show the list of all software packages that are available?
yum list command
Which yum command to use to see a list of all installed packages?
yum list installed
How to use the yum command to see more information about a particular package?
yum list
Example: yum list kernel
Which command to update the installed packages?
yum update
When using the yum update command, current versions of packages that are installed are compared to the version of these packages in the repositories. then when you give y meaning yes, it will proceed with the update
What is the yum command that offers group management and to work with groups?
yum groups list
yum groups list hidden
yum groups info “group-name”
yum groupinstall
While working with yum all actions are registered, what command can we use to see an overview of all the actions that have been issued using yum?
yum history
How can you undo a yum command?
First check the output of yum history command, see the number of the specific action you want to undo, then
yum history undo
What are the two different package groups in RHEL 8?
- Core operating system packages
- User Space packages
Which are also called as or referenced as two main repositories - - BaseOS repository and 2. Application Stream repository.
What are the two different repositories in RHEL8?
1, BaseOS repository
2. Application Stream repository
What is a module in packages?
A module describes a set of RPM packages that belong together. In a module you’ll find module packages, together with all of the dependencies for that specific version.
What is a RPM?
The default package format. Contains files, as well as metadata that describes how to install the files. Optionally may contain pre- and post-installation
scripts as well.
In yum module terminology, what is module?
A delivery mechanism to install RPM packages. In a module different versions and profiles can be provided.
What is an application stream?
It is a specific version of the module
what is a profile?
A collection of packages that are installed together for a particular use case.
What command to use to list specific streams for a module?
yum module list Example: yum module list perl
Which yum command to use to get information about specific profiles in module?
yum module info Example: yum module info perl
what command to use to install packages from a module?
yum module install If we do not specify the version then default module stream will be installed.
If you. are using php7.1 but now want to switch to php7.2, which command to use
yum module install php:7.2
This will disable the old stream and enable the new stream. And then you also have to give below comamnd -
yum distro-sync
When. you update to a different module stream version, how to make sure that the dependent packages are also updated?
yum distro-sync
What is the next step after finding information about the module stream you want to install?
enable the module stream and install the modules
Which command to enable the module stream?
yum module enable Example: yum module enable perl:5.24
Though using rpm command has become obselete, what is it one use ?
rpm command can be used to query RPM packages
What are the two package databases maintained in a linux system?
YUM database and RPM database
Which rpm query command to use to show a list of files that are in a package?
rpm -ql
Example: rpm -ql nmap
which rpm query command to use to see a description or information about a rpm package?
rpm -qi
Example: rpm -qi nmap
which rpm query command to use to see a list of documentation available for a rpm package?
rpm -qd
Example: rpm -qd nmap
which rpm query command to use to see the configuration files involved in a rpm package?
rpm -qc
Example: rpm -qc nmap
How to find the name of the RPM package from this a specific file comes from?
rpm -qf, followed by the specific filename you are looking for.
rpm -qf /bin/ls to find the name of the RPM package the ls command comes from.
RPM command to list all the packages that are installed in a server
rpm -qa
