chapter 9: management and change Flashcards
context
in aus, over the past decade, there has been extensive and unprecedented change in the bus enviro
define change in buses
any alteration in the internal or external enviroments eg chnage in consumer tastes, change in production methods, change in markets or products sold, or chnage in how employees perform tasks
define organisational chnage
the adoption of new idea or behaviour resulting in a difference in the form or operation of an organisation over time
modified corporate culture, implemented new organisation structures, recruited employees with new skills or developed different work practices
what is the importance in managing change
the ability to manage, embrace and adapt to change will increasingly determine a business’s competitive advantage and survival
managers who are proactive rathe than reactive will succeed
to be constructive, change must occur ata pace at which it cna be adbosrbed and integrated by the bus
what do managers need to do in order to manage change
scan the enviro, predict future trends and exploit change
how does a manager identify the need for change
effective managers hsould always be scanning the enviro attempting to identify current trends and predict future changes
acheiveing this reqs a holistic view of the outisde world and awarness of the potential impacts on the bus.
correct anticipations strengthens bus to take full adv of opps that favour its long term survival in an increasignly competitive world
how does a bus determine what changes need to be made
a successful bus must be able to gather, store, combnie and analyse masses of data. once processed and organised, this info becomes material for decision making
where do managers get the info they need
business info system (BIS) aka management info system (MIS) –> gathers data, organises and summarises them
need access to info that summarises future possibilities ie the present situationa nd past performance
define vision statement
states the purpose of the bus –> what the firm does and states its key goals (attainable and realistic)
what are five principles that should be applied when setting goals for employees
- clarity: unambiguous and measurable - as specific as possible
-challenge: motivating - commitment: employee input in goal
-feedback: offer reocgnition, ensure expectations clear and realistic - task comlpexity: shouldnt be too hard
why is resistance to change so strong
- achievable only thru consistent effrt
- often emotionally stressful
comtimes bus and employees vigorously resist change due to changes in status quo
what are the most common reasons a bus may resist chnage
- financial cost: contemplation of costs and benefits
- ourchasing new equipment: expensive but advantageous
- redundancy payments: have to give entitled employees financial compensation
- retraining
- reorganising plant layout: high cost or disruption in processes
- inertia: unenthusiastic repsonse to proposed changes –> ppl desire a safe and predictable status quo
define driving forces and restaining forces of change
driving - support chnage
restraining - work against
managers must analyse the situation to identify and balance the dirving and restaining forces
what are some strats to reduce resisitace to change
- creating a culture of change: wrokplace culture can greatly affect employee acceptance of change –> need supportive enviro
- chnage agnets: bus identify ppl of group of ppl who r influential in bus to act as catalysts to initiat, stimulate and facilitate the change effort within orgnaisations
- effective communication: communicate w/ stakehilder regarding need for change –> open communication channels
- positive leaderhsip: how manager treats staff will ifnlunce their acceptance or resistance of change. Mnagers who concentrate of needs of employee build high performance teams that attain their objective
other strats to reduce resistance to chnage
- build trust amongst employees
- changes are reasonable
-employee input - give notice of change
- offer supprot
- articulate purpose of change
- sensible time frame
- avoid threats
- outline positives and negatives
- open commms
- constant feedback
