Chapter 9 - Labor And Wages Flashcards

1
Q

Is an arrangement under which union membership is optional.

A

Modified union shop

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2
Q

Is a government program that attempts to overcome unfair hiring practices

A

Set Aside Contract

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3
Q

Is the measure of price that has adjusted for inflation

A

Real or Constant dollars

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4
Q

Is temporary government takeover by a company.

A

Seizure

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5
Q

Usually require collective bargaining over issues.

A

Labor-managements relations

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6
Q

Only hires union members. It became illegal under the top-Hartley Act 1947

A

Closed Shop

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7
Q

Employers resented the strikes so they sometimes called for a what? This is the refusal to let employers work.

A

Lockout

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8
Q

brought misery to millions, but changed attitudes toward the labor movement. There were renewed efforts to organize workers.

A

Great Depression

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9
Q

led to the Labor-management act of 1947 allowed states to pass right-to-work laws. Workers could not be forced to join a union.

A

Growing anti-union feelings

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10
Q

required workers to join the union. A modified union-shop doesn’t require.

A

union shop

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11
Q

determination states that the supply and demand for a worker’s skills and services determinating the wage or salary.

A

Market Theory of Wage

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12
Q

is an agreement between union and management to have a 3rd party collect facts and make recommandations.

A

Fact-finding

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13
Q

is a court order instructing one side to act or not act.

A

injunction

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14
Q

is negotiation between union and management representative.

A

Collective Bargaining

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15
Q

states the employers are willing to pay more to people with certificates, degrees, and other indicators that “signal” superior knowledge or ability.

A

Signaling Theory

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16
Q

In the industrial post-civil war period…

A

the main types of labor union dominated. The first was the craft union or trade union-an associated in the same industry

17
Q

The income earned by females has only been a…

A

fraction of that earned by males partially because of the uneven distribution of men and women among various occupations, the differences in human capital, and discrimination.

18
Q

About half of the people belong to…

A

The Civilian labor force-men and women 16 years and older who work or are looking for work.

19
Q

In each market, the intersection of supply and demand, determines…

A

the equilibrium wage rate that leaves neither a surplus nor a shortage in the labor market.

20
Q

Men have higher paying jobs than women. Women minorities have difficulties in getting raises and promotions, sometimes called a

A

Glass ceiling

21
Q

Unfair hiring practice can sometimes be overcome by…

A

reserving some activity for minority groups