Chapter 9 Key Terms

Question 1

Demography

Answer 1

the statistical study of human populations

Question 2

Age Structure

Answer 2

The composition of a population in terms of the proportions of individuals of different ages

Question 3

survivorship

Answer 3

graphic representation of the number of individuals in a population that can be expected to survive to any specific age

Question 4

fertility rate

Answer 4

the number of children born alive to women of that age during the year as a proportion of the average annual population of women of the same age

Question 5

Migration

Answer 5

the large-scale movement of members of a species to a different environment

Question 6

life expectancy

Answer 6

The estimated average number of years (or other time period used as a measure) that an individual of a specific age can expect to live

Question 7

demographic transition

Answer 7

A theoretical model of economic and cultural change that explains the declining death rates and birth rates that occurred in Western nations as they became industrialized.

Question 8

Infrastructure

Answer 8

the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g. buildings, roads, power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.

Question 9

arable land

Answer 9

any land capable of being plowed and used to grow crops

Question 10

Urbanization

Answer 10

process in which there is an increase in the number of people living and working in a city or metropolitan area. urban sprawl

Question 11

least developed countries

Answer 11

are low-income countries confronting severe structural impediments to sustainable development