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Anthropology 101 > Chapter 9 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

The study of the skeleton

A

Osteology

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2
Q

Physical differences between the sexes of a species that are not related to reproductive features

A

Sexual Dimorphism

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3
Q

An organism adapted to a diet of mostly meat.

A

Carnivore

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4
Q

An organism with mixed diet of animal and vegetable foods

A

Omnivore

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5
Q

The study of disease and nutritional deficiency in prehistoric populations, usually through the examination of skeletal material

A

Paleopathology

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6
Q

Cutting a hole in the skull, presumable to treat some illness

A

Trephination

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7
Q

Locations that contain fossil and archaeological evidence of human presence

A

Sites

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8
Q

Turned to stone

A

petrified

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9
Q

Here, the precise location where a fossil or artifact was found

A

Provenience

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10
Q

The principle of stratigraphy that, barring disturbances, more recent layers are superimposed over older ones.

A

Superposition

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11
Q

A dating method that indicates the age of one item in comparison to another

A

Relative Dating Technique

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12
Q

The study of fossils in there stratigraphic context. Used as a relative dating technique.

A

Biostratigraphy

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13
Q

Dating methods that give specific ages, years, or ranges of years for objects or sites.

A

Absolute Dating Techniques

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14
Q

Referring to the decay rate of a radioactive substance

A

Radiometric

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15
Q

A radiometric dating technique using the decay rate of a radioactive form of carbon found in organic remains

A

Radiocarbon Dating

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16
Q

The time needed for one-half of a given amount of radioactive substance to decay

A

Half-life

17
Q

A radiometric dating technique used the rate at which radioactive potassium, found in volcanic rock, decays into stable argon gas.

A

Potassium/Argon

18
Q

A radiometric dating technique that uses the decay of radioactive argon into stable argon gas. Can be used to date smaller samples and volcanic rock with greater accuracy than K/Ar dating.

A

Argon/Argon Dating

19
Q

The study of how organisms become part of the paleontological record

A

Taphonomy

Anthropology 101 (12 decks)

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