Chapter 9: Joints

Question 1

Name and describe the four major classes of joints.

Answer 1

• Bony (synostosis) an immobile joint formed when the gap between 2 bones ossify and become a single bone.
• Fibrous (synarthrosis) adjacent bones bound by collagen fibers that emerge from one bone.
• Cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) two bones linked by cartilage.
• Synovial (diarthrosis) the most structurally complex type of joint are the type to most likely develop uncomfortable and crippling dysfunctions.

Question 2

Describe the two types of cartilaginous joints

Answer 2

• Synchondroses- A slightly moveable articulation between bones joined by hyaline cartilage.
• Symphases- two bones joined by fibrocartilage

Question 3

What are sutures?

Answer 3

immobile fibrous joints that only occur in the cranium. Ex. Coronal suture.

Question 4

What is gomphoses?

Answer 4

• The gomphosis is the only joint-type in which a bone does not join another bone, as teeth are not technically bone.
• A gomphosis is a specialized fibrous joint in which a conical process of one bone fits into a hole or socket in another bone.
• (gomphos is a Greek word meaning bolt).

Question 5

what is syndesmoses?

Answer 5

• A slightly movable fibrous joint in which bones such as the tibia and fibula are joined together by connective tissue.
• Ex. the distal tibiofibular joint as well as the radioulnar joint.
• It comes from the Greek syn (meaning “with”) and desmos (meaning “a band”).

Question 6

What are the functions of articular cartilage?

Answer 6

reducing friction & absorbing -distributing forces of compression

Question 7

Articular cartilage

Answer 7

smooth, thin layer on the surface of the bones (usually hyaline cartilage)